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<p>This reported study describes a green synthesis of Ni/NiO nanorods using <i>Nigella sativa</i> seed extract, and the tunable magnetic and optical properties of the obtained nanorods were investigated. Rietveld refinement of XRD data shows co-existence of Ni (metallic) (31.9&#xa0;nm, a = 3.5251&#xa0;Å) and NiO (24.3&#xa0;nm, a = 4.1784&#xa0;Å) phases. XPS analysis indicates the presence of Ni⁰ (852.6&#xa0;eV) and Ni<sup>2+</sup> (855.85&#xa0;eV), along with a band of oxygen-related species (529–533&#xa0;eV), indicating the presence of oxygen vacancies and some hydroxyl groups on the surface. Under 310&#xa0;nm excitation, analysis of the photoluminescence (PL) produced emission bands at 380, 400, 420 and 470&#xa0;nm. These emissions are produced by near-band-edge transitions, shallow defect (Ni interstitials), interfacial charge transfer (NiO → Ni⁰), and deep-level emissions due to oxygen vacancies. The magnetic hysteresis loops taken at room temperature showed some softness to the ferromagnetic behavior, with a saturation magnetization of 22&#xa0;emu/g, coercivity of 0.008 Oe, and remanence of 6.04&#xa0;emu/g, which is low compared to the bulk material, which has ~ 55&#xa0;emu/g. The related magnetic moment obtained from the formula ηB = 0.261 μB and the anisotropy constant Ku = 1.41 erg/cm<sup>3</sup> confirm weak ferromagnetic behavior due to Ni–NiO interfacial exchange, possible nanoscale effects, and oxygen-derived defects.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Sustainable Synthesis of Ni/NiO Nanorods via Nigella sativa Extract: Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Youcef Messai,
  • Tayeb Bouarroudj,
  • Abdelmounaim Chetoui,
  • Ilyas Belkhettab,
  • Hamza Bezzi,
  • Ismail Bencherifa

摘要

This reported study describes a green synthesis of Ni/NiO nanorods using Nigella sativa seed extract, and the tunable magnetic and optical properties of the obtained nanorods were investigated. Rietveld refinement of XRD data shows co-existence of Ni (metallic) (31.9 nm, a = 3.5251 Å) and NiO (24.3 nm, a = 4.1784 Å) phases. XPS analysis indicates the presence of Ni⁰ (852.6 eV) and Ni2+ (855.85 eV), along with a band of oxygen-related species (529–533 eV), indicating the presence of oxygen vacancies and some hydroxyl groups on the surface. Under 310 nm excitation, analysis of the photoluminescence (PL) produced emission bands at 380, 400, 420 and 470 nm. These emissions are produced by near-band-edge transitions, shallow defect (Ni interstitials), interfacial charge transfer (NiO → Ni⁰), and deep-level emissions due to oxygen vacancies. The magnetic hysteresis loops taken at room temperature showed some softness to the ferromagnetic behavior, with a saturation magnetization of 22 emu/g, coercivity of 0.008 Oe, and remanence of 6.04 emu/g, which is low compared to the bulk material, which has ~ 55 emu/g. The related magnetic moment obtained from the formula ηB = 0.261 μB and the anisotropy constant Ku = 1.41 erg/cm3 confirm weak ferromagnetic behavior due to Ni–NiO interfacial exchange, possible nanoscale effects, and oxygen-derived defects.

Graphical Abstract