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<p>The sustainable development of multifunctional nanomaterials is vital for addressing environmental and food preservation challenges. In this study, Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) and Mn₃O₄/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposites (NC) were synthesized using <i>lemon</i> peel extract and systematically evaluated for their antioxidant, photocatalytic, and preservation properties. Structural and physicochemical characterization (UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and zeta potential) confirmed the successful formation of stable nanostructures with a reduced bandgap in the NC (1.87&#xa0;eV) compared to Mn₃O₄ (2.46&#xa0;eV). The NC exhibited enhanced antioxidant performance with a lower DPPH IC₅₀ (284.88&#xa0;µg/mL) than Mn₃O₄ (369.68&#xa0;µg/mL), while reducing power reached 0.5 absorbance at 700&#xa0;nm, indicating improved redox activity. Photocatalytic degradation efficiencies under sunlight reached 97.3% for Rhodamine B (RB) and 88.6% for Methyl Orange (MO) within 75&#xa0;min, with respective rate constants of 0.049 and 0.030&#xa0;min⁻¹. In preservation trials, NC-coated raspberries and blackberries showed markedly reduced spoilage (24% and 9%) and weight loss (7.5% and 6.5%) by day 10, outperforming starch-coated and uncoated controls. This work is the first to demonstrate a <i>lemon</i> peel-derived Mn₃O₄/Fe₂O₃ NC with integrated antioxidant, photocatalytic, and food preservation capabilities, highlighting its potential as a scalable, biocompatible material for sustainable applications. Further investigations into cytotoxicity, migration, and industrial scalability are recommended.</p>

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Multifunctional Mn₃O₄/Fe₂O₃ Nanocomposite: A Green Approach for Enhanced Antioxidant Activity, Photocatalytic Dye Degradation, and Short-Term Fruit Shelf-Life Extension

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Zarah Alqarni,
  • Chaima Salmi,
  • Hamdi Ali Mohammed,
  • Maria A. Al-sheikh,
  • Hanadi Y. Medrasi,
  • Aisha H. Al-Moubaraki,
  • Santiago Medina-Carrasco,
  • Johar Amin Ahmed Abdullah

摘要

The sustainable development of multifunctional nanomaterials is vital for addressing environmental and food preservation challenges. In this study, Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) and Mn₃O₄/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposites (NC) were synthesized using lemon peel extract and systematically evaluated for their antioxidant, photocatalytic, and preservation properties. Structural and physicochemical characterization (UV–Vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and zeta potential) confirmed the successful formation of stable nanostructures with a reduced bandgap in the NC (1.87 eV) compared to Mn₃O₄ (2.46 eV). The NC exhibited enhanced antioxidant performance with a lower DPPH IC₅₀ (284.88 µg/mL) than Mn₃O₄ (369.68 µg/mL), while reducing power reached 0.5 absorbance at 700 nm, indicating improved redox activity. Photocatalytic degradation efficiencies under sunlight reached 97.3% for Rhodamine B (RB) and 88.6% for Methyl Orange (MO) within 75 min, with respective rate constants of 0.049 and 0.030 min⁻¹. In preservation trials, NC-coated raspberries and blackberries showed markedly reduced spoilage (24% and 9%) and weight loss (7.5% and 6.5%) by day 10, outperforming starch-coated and uncoated controls. This work is the first to demonstrate a lemon peel-derived Mn₃O₄/Fe₂O₃ NC with integrated antioxidant, photocatalytic, and food preservation capabilities, highlighting its potential as a scalable, biocompatible material for sustainable applications. Further investigations into cytotoxicity, migration, and industrial scalability are recommended.