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<p>The study focuses on the green synthesis of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) using <i>Mundulea sericea</i> leaf ethanolic (MSLE) extract. Phytochemical profiling <i>via</i> HR-LCMS analysis revealed various bioactive compounds. The characterization of NCs, by X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystallite sizes of Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-ZnO NCs as 37.77&#xa0;nm. UV-Visible spectroscopy showed a band gap energy of 2.35&#xa0;eV. Fourier Transformed Infrared analysis showed the presence of Ag-O and P-O bonds in NCs. Atomic Force Microscopy indicated higher surface roughness for Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> NP. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed spherical Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> and rod-shaped ZnO morphologies, while Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the elemental presence of Ag, P, Zn, and O in NCs. High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy displayed interplanar d-spacing values of 0.26 and 0.21&#xa0;nm for ZnO and Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, respectively, and XPS identified their oxidation states. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis confirmed the mesoporous nature of NCs. The NCs exhibited higher antioxidant activity by DPPH method (87.04 ± 0.37%) and metal chelation activity (77.07 ± 1.71%) than the MSLE extract. Hemolysis assay demonstrated low RBC toxicity (4.50 ± 0.13%). In MTT and SRB assay, the NCs significantly reduced MCF-7 cell viability by 46.61 ± 0.53% and 42.85 ± 0.53%, respectively compared to HeLa cells. Photocatalytic studies showed efficient degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye with 92.80% and 94.31% degradation in distilled and river water samples, respectively. The treated dye solutions were non-toxic to <i>Vigna aconitifolia</i> seeds, indicating environmental safety. Overall, the synthesized Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>-ZnO NCs demonstrate strong potential for biomedical applications and effective photocatalytic degradation of water pollutants.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Bio-inspired Ag3PO4-ZnO Nanocomposites: Investigation of its Antioxidant, Anticancer Activity and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月16日

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  • Vrushali Manoj Hadkar,
  • Chinnadurai Immanuel Selvaraj

摘要

The study focuses on the green synthesis of Ag3PO4-ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) using Mundulea sericea leaf ethanolic (MSLE) extract. Phytochemical profiling via HR-LCMS analysis revealed various bioactive compounds. The characterization of NCs, by X-ray diffraction confirmed the crystallite sizes of Ag3PO4-ZnO NCs as 37.77 nm. UV-Visible spectroscopy showed a band gap energy of 2.35 eV. Fourier Transformed Infrared analysis showed the presence of Ag-O and P-O bonds in NCs. Atomic Force Microscopy indicated higher surface roughness for Ag3PO4 NP. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed spherical Ag3PO4 and rod-shaped ZnO morphologies, while Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the elemental presence of Ag, P, Zn, and O in NCs. High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy displayed interplanar d-spacing values of 0.26 and 0.21 nm for ZnO and Ag3PO4, respectively, and XPS identified their oxidation states. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis confirmed the mesoporous nature of NCs. The NCs exhibited higher antioxidant activity by DPPH method (87.04 ± 0.37%) and metal chelation activity (77.07 ± 1.71%) than the MSLE extract. Hemolysis assay demonstrated low RBC toxicity (4.50 ± 0.13%). In MTT and SRB assay, the NCs significantly reduced MCF-7 cell viability by 46.61 ± 0.53% and 42.85 ± 0.53%, respectively compared to HeLa cells. Photocatalytic studies showed efficient degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye with 92.80% and 94.31% degradation in distilled and river water samples, respectively. The treated dye solutions were non-toxic to Vigna aconitifolia seeds, indicating environmental safety. Overall, the synthesized Ag3PO4-ZnO NCs demonstrate strong potential for biomedical applications and effective photocatalytic degradation of water pollutants.

Graphical Abstract