First-Principles Calculations to Investigate Structural, Mechanical, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Inverse Perovskite Oxides X3AuO (Li, Na, K): Stable and Sustainable Materials for Photovoltaic Applications
摘要
This investigation primarily highlights the intriguing aspects of the photoelectric conversion capability of inverse perovskite oxides using density functional theory (DFT). The structural aspects of inverse perovskites (IPs) X3AuO (X = Li, Na, K) have been analyzed, and the cubic structure and space group of Pm-3 m (#221) have been validated. The formation energy has validated the experimental formulation and thermal stability of IPs. The dynamic stability evaluation was conducted using phonon dispersion curves. The absence of negative frequencies confirms the bonding strength against cubic structure distortion and the dynamic stability of analyzed IPs. The electronic features have predicted the energy gap (Eg) or the nature of semiconducting behaviour. Li3AuO has revealed an indirect Eg of 1.50 eV (R-X), whereas Na3AuO and K3AuO have demonstrated direct Eg (X-X) of 2.18 eV and 1.84 eV. Furthermore, the light-dependent characteristics have been determined upon interaction with IPs to verify the feasibility of solar cells. Additionally, the mechanical stability is confirmed by Born stability criteria, and other elastic parameters are also determined to predict the ductility, strength, hardness, and anisotropy. Overall, X3AuO has significantly low reflectivity and scattering losses and substantial absorption in the visible region. According to these analyzed findings, these anti-perovskites with intriguing features are potentially effective materials for photovoltaic applications.