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<p>This study presents the development of industrially produced polypropylene (PP) meshes pre-coated with silver nanoparticles and further functionalized with a composite of bentonite nanoparticles, levofloxacin, and propolis for advanced antimicrobial protection. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a homogeneous nanostructured coating with increased surface roughness and porosity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of montmorillonite as the dominant bentonite phase, while UV-Vis spectroscopy and adsorption modeling validated the effective loading and sustained release of levofloxacin. Computational modeling using COMSOL Multiphysics demonstrated the diffusion dynamics of the antibiotic across bacterial membrane analogs, correlating well with experimental data. The functionalized meshes exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones reaching up to 51 ± 0.3&#xa0;mm against <i>S. aureus</i>, <i>S. epidermidis</i>, and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. Subsequently, the sample NB@LVF@P@AgPP demonstrated highest antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against tested bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity test results showed that the sample possesses moderate toxicity to the HaCaT cell line in relation to AgPP meshes. The integration of four bioactive agents—silver, bentonite, levofloxacin, and propolis—onto a clinically approved mesh substrate represents a novel approach, offering multi-mechanistic antibacterial protection and potential utility in infection-prone surgical or burn applications.</p>

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Functionalization of Silver-Coated Polypropylene Meshes with Bentonite, Levofloxacin, and Propolis for Enhanced Antibacterial Protection in Wound Care

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月23日

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  • Alibala Aliyev,
  • Aygun Israyilova,
  • Ulviyya Hasanova

摘要

This study presents the development of industrially produced polypropylene (PP) meshes pre-coated with silver nanoparticles and further functionalized with a composite of bentonite nanoparticles, levofloxacin, and propolis for advanced antimicrobial protection. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a homogeneous nanostructured coating with increased surface roughness and porosity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the presence of montmorillonite as the dominant bentonite phase, while UV-Vis spectroscopy and adsorption modeling validated the effective loading and sustained release of levofloxacin. Computational modeling using COMSOL Multiphysics demonstrated the diffusion dynamics of the antibiotic across bacterial membrane analogs, correlating well with experimental data. The functionalized meshes exhibited significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones reaching up to 51 ± 0.3 mm against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa. Subsequently, the sample NB@LVF@P@AgPP demonstrated highest antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against tested bacterial strains. Cytotoxicity test results showed that the sample possesses moderate toxicity to the HaCaT cell line in relation to AgPP meshes. The integration of four bioactive agents—silver, bentonite, levofloxacin, and propolis—onto a clinically approved mesh substrate represents a novel approach, offering multi-mechanistic antibacterial protection and potential utility in infection-prone surgical or burn applications.