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<p>This study presents the development and characterization of novel PLA/Henna polymer composites for additive manufacturing using the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technique. Henna, a natural and biodegradable filler, was integrated into the PLA matrix at varying weight percentages (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) to enhance mechanical properties while maintaining environmental sustainability. The composite filaments were produced through extrusion and subsequently used to fabricate test specimens via FDM. Comprehensive characterization, including tensile, compressive, and bending tests following ASTM standards, was conducted to evaluate mechanical performance. Microstructural analysis using SEM and EDX confirmed uniform filler dispersion and elemental composition, while FTIR spectroscopy revealed chemical interactions between PLA and Henna. Quantitative findings showed that the composite with five wt% Henna exhibited the highest tensile strength of 43.5&#xa0;MPa, while 15 wt% Henna provided maximum compressive and bending strengths, measuring 80.28&#xa0;MPa and 67.9&#xa0;MPa, respectively. In contrast, a 20 wt% Henna content led to agglomeration and void formation, reducing mechanical properties. The study underscores the potential of PLA/Henna composites as sustainable materials for industrial applications, highlighting the critical role of optimized filler content in enhancing mechanical performance. Additionally, the environmental benefits of using Henna as a biodegradable filler, such as reduced dependence on synthetic reinforcements and minimized environmental impact, will be included to address sustainability aspects.</p>

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Development and Characterization of Novel PLA/Henna Biocomposites for Sustainable Additive Manufacturing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Nikhil Bharat,
  • Veeman Dhinakaran,
  • Vishal Mishra,
  • Vijay Kumar

摘要

This study presents the development and characterization of novel PLA/Henna polymer composites for additive manufacturing using the Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technique. Henna, a natural and biodegradable filler, was integrated into the PLA matrix at varying weight percentages (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) to enhance mechanical properties while maintaining environmental sustainability. The composite filaments were produced through extrusion and subsequently used to fabricate test specimens via FDM. Comprehensive characterization, including tensile, compressive, and bending tests following ASTM standards, was conducted to evaluate mechanical performance. Microstructural analysis using SEM and EDX confirmed uniform filler dispersion and elemental composition, while FTIR spectroscopy revealed chemical interactions between PLA and Henna. Quantitative findings showed that the composite with five wt% Henna exhibited the highest tensile strength of 43.5 MPa, while 15 wt% Henna provided maximum compressive and bending strengths, measuring 80.28 MPa and 67.9 MPa, respectively. In contrast, a 20 wt% Henna content led to agglomeration and void formation, reducing mechanical properties. The study underscores the potential of PLA/Henna composites as sustainable materials for industrial applications, highlighting the critical role of optimized filler content in enhancing mechanical performance. Additionally, the environmental benefits of using Henna as a biodegradable filler, such as reduced dependence on synthetic reinforcements and minimized environmental impact, will be included to address sustainability aspects.