Zinc Bismuthate Nanoparticles Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Sheets for Fast and Efficient Removal of Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250 Dye from Water
摘要
ZnBi2O4/r-GO nanocomposites were developed by decorating zinc bismuthate (ZnBi2O4) nanoparticles on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) sheets was synthesized by sol-gel and sodium borohydride reduction methods for adsorption of CBBR-250. The average crystallite size of pristine ZnBi2O4 (27 nm) is reduced in ZnBi2O4/r-GO (24 nm) with specific surface area of ZnBi2O4/r-GO (6.88 m2/g). TEM showed ZnBi2O4 nanoparticles (37 nm) sitting on the surface of r-GO sheets. HRTEM showed formation of lattice fringes with interplanar spacing of 0.535 nm corresponding to (201) plane of ZnBi2O4. The CBBR-250 adsorption process obeys the pseudo-second-order kinetics model (R2 ≥ 0.99) and equilibrium removal capacities (qe) of ZnBi2O4 and ZnBi2O4/r-GO nanocomposite were found to be 6.17 mg/g and 9.34 mg/g respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities (qm) were calculated by the Langmuir isotherms model and found to be 13. 36 mg/g and 22.10 mg/g. The thermodynamics parameters showed that the adsorption process occurred spontaneously with an exothermic nature. Dye removal efficiency decreased with the increasing pH of the solution, showing maximum efficiency at pH 2. The presence of coexisting NO3−, and PO43− ions increases the adsorption capacity. After five reusability runs the nanocomposite maintains its adsorbing/desorbing properties for removal of CBBR-250 dye.