Investigating the Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Sr and Fe Doped TiO₂-Folic Acid Nanocomposite: Potential Therapeutic Applications

Nanoscale TiO₂-based materials are gaining popularity in the healthcare sector due to their antimicrobial properties, low cost, and adaptable physicochemical characteristics. Despite extensive research, their high biological compatibility along with biocidal activities fall short till date. Herein, Sr and Fe ion doped titanium dioxide conjugated with folic acid nanocomposite (TiO₂SrFeFA) is synthesized and studied for antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer properties. As-synthesized TiO₂SrFeFA nanocomposite exhibit spherical morphology with anatase phase, efficiently doped Sr and Fe ion, and embedded in folic acid matrix. TiO₂SrFeFA shows excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli; antifungal activity against Candida albicans; anticancer activity against breast cancer MOLT-4 cell and antioxidant activity. The effectiveness of Sr and Fe ion doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles conjugated with FA demonstrated the nanomaterial’s potential as a biocompatible biocidal agent.