Fe₃O₄@BA-Imid-Pyrim-Pd(0) Nanocomposite: An Efficient and Recoverable Catalyst for Azidation/Carbonylation Coupling Reactions

Providing new and efficient methods for synthesizing amides remains a paramount challenge in organic chemistry due to their prevalence in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications. Given the importance of easy separation and recyclability, magnetic nanocatalysts offer significant advantages over traditional heterogeneous catalysts. In this research, we developed a palladium(0) complex immobilized on dopamine-bipyridine functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (MNPs-Dopamine-BiPy-Pd(0)) and investigated its catalytic activity in the mild synthesis of amides via azidation/carbonylation of aryl halides. A wide array of aryl iodides, incorporating both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, were successfully converted to amides using sodium azide as the nitrogen source and Mo(CO)6 as the carbonyl source, achieving 75–97% yields within 5 h. Notably, the MNPs-Dopamine-BiPy-Pd(0) catalyst demonstrated excellent recyclability, maintaining high catalytic activity after eight consecutive cycles.