Efficient Fabrication of Cu-Doped TiO₂ Nanoparticles for Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalysis and Antimicrobial Efficacy

In order to enhance photocatalytic degradation and antibacterial activities, copper doped titanium dioxide has been synthesized in this work. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The rutile phase tetragonal structure of both pure and Cu/TiO₂ has been shown by XRD data. It is discovered that nanoparticle average crystallite sizes were for pure and Cu-TiO₂ is in the range of 8.6–16.50 nm. The band gap decrease trend in this research is approximately followed from 3.42–2.86 eV. Cu-TiO₂ has the best photocatalytic behavior and doping in TiO₂ material changes its structure appears to increase the photocatalytic activity. The SEM images additionally determined the particle size within the approximately 15.5 nm range. The Tauc plots were utilized to identify the nanoparticles optical band gap. The surface study of optimized sample has been analyzed using BET analysis. Research on the characterization of copper doped TiO₂ nanoparticles that demonstrate a significant increase in the photocatalytic activity could also be expected to increase the shelf life of fruit storage. In order to investigate its biological activities for example antimicrobial and antifungal properties this research has been utilize as the awareness for the fabrication of copper nanoparticles. Due to its exceptional qualities, the material under study is also thought to present a viable alternative for the creation of intelligent systems that detect pathogens and act as antimicrobial agents.