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<p>Vernacular architecture embodies sustainable building design, using locally sourced materials and traditional techniques without professional architects or engineers. This study explores the sustainability of vernacular architecture in West Bengal’s coastal region by comparing a traditional vernacular dwelling with a Low-cost Conventional Building constructed under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Scheme. Life-cycle assessment was conducted on vernacular architecture and low-cost conventional building structures in Jaygaon village to evaluate their environmental impacts over a 50-year lifespan. In the course of the study, key parameters such as Global Warming Potential (GWP), Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP), and water usage were considered. Results indicated that low-cost conventional building structures had a significantly higher environmental impact compared to the traditional building. The GWP (64,877 total kg CO<sub>2</sub>) of the low-cost conventional building was considerably greater, indicating a larger contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The ADP-fossil resources for the low-cost conventional building (632,739&#xa0;MJ) were also higher, indicating over-depletion of non-renewable resources during construction. Additionally, the water usage associated with the low-cost conventional building (48,553 m<sup>3</sup> deprived) was higher than that of the vernacular architecture (10,684.42 m<sup>3</sup> deprived), pointing to a more substantial consumption of water resources throughout the building’s life-cycle. Vernacular architecture shows significantly lower environmental impact than low-cost conventional building, with 52.3% less GWP (33,931.4&#xa0;kg CO<sub>2</sub>e), 50.26% lower ADP-fossil (317,990&#xa0;MJ), and 77.99% less water use (37,868.58 m<sup>3</sup>). The study concludes that vernacular architecture offers a more sustainable alternative to contemporary construction methods, particularly in terms of environmental impact. This research underscores the potential of vernacular architecture to contribute to sustainable architectural practices in the face of global climate change. Further recommendations include promoting vernacular architecture techniques and integrating traditional knowledge into modern construction to enhance sustainability.</p>

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Life-cycle assessment of vernacular architecture and low-cost conventional building in coastal region, West Bengal: a comparative study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月6日

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  • Aritra Majumder,
  • Anupam Debsarkar,
  • Kaushik Dutta Roy

摘要

Vernacular architecture embodies sustainable building design, using locally sourced materials and traditional techniques without professional architects or engineers. This study explores the sustainability of vernacular architecture in West Bengal’s coastal region by comparing a traditional vernacular dwelling with a Low-cost Conventional Building constructed under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana Scheme. Life-cycle assessment was conducted on vernacular architecture and low-cost conventional building structures in Jaygaon village to evaluate their environmental impacts over a 50-year lifespan. In the course of the study, key parameters such as Global Warming Potential (GWP), Abiotic Depletion Potential (ADP), and water usage were considered. Results indicated that low-cost conventional building structures had a significantly higher environmental impact compared to the traditional building. The GWP (64,877 total kg CO2) of the low-cost conventional building was considerably greater, indicating a larger contribution to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The ADP-fossil resources for the low-cost conventional building (632,739 MJ) were also higher, indicating over-depletion of non-renewable resources during construction. Additionally, the water usage associated with the low-cost conventional building (48,553 m3 deprived) was higher than that of the vernacular architecture (10,684.42 m3 deprived), pointing to a more substantial consumption of water resources throughout the building’s life-cycle. Vernacular architecture shows significantly lower environmental impact than low-cost conventional building, with 52.3% less GWP (33,931.4 kg CO2e), 50.26% lower ADP-fossil (317,990 MJ), and 77.99% less water use (37,868.58 m3). The study concludes that vernacular architecture offers a more sustainable alternative to contemporary construction methods, particularly in terms of environmental impact. This research underscores the potential of vernacular architecture to contribute to sustainable architectural practices in the face of global climate change. Further recommendations include promoting vernacular architecture techniques and integrating traditional knowledge into modern construction to enhance sustainability.