<p>In the context of frequent natural and social disasters, the concept of resilience is of great significance in providing insights into the dynamics of the housing system. As a complex system, the housing system encompasses the activities surrounding the physical structure of dwellings, as well as their associated economic and social connections. We used a systematic approach to conduct an integrative literature review on evidence-based practices that promote housing system resilience. A three-level theoretical framework of housing system resilience was constructed in line with the components and attributes of resilience. Applied to a specific situation in China, this study emphasizes the importance of the institutional regime as an intrinsic attribute driving housing system resilience, acting as a crucial layer that interacts with governance structures and market dynamics to effectively counteract housing system risks. Furthermore, current housing system practice is centered on stability to recover from shock-type risks rather than alterations to a state that is less exposed to systemic risks. We applied evolutionary resilience theory to argue that the goal of housing institutions is to shape housing system resilience to prepare for future risks.</p>