Frequency and Predictors of Physical and Psychological Intimate Partner Violence among Caregivers during the COVID-19 Pandemic
摘要
Pandemic isolation, economic stress, and other stressors may have increased risk for intimate partner violence (IPV) among caregivers raising children. This study examined reported experiences of IPV, associated risk and protective factors, and other correlates among caregivers surveyed as part of a larger study of child and family well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
MethodsWe analyzed results from two waves of a nationwide, cross-sectional survey of caregivers of children under the age of 18 during the pandemic (February 2021 and July 2021). The survey collected information from 5,816 participants about their experiences both before and during the pandemic. Of relevance were questions about experiences of IPV in the home, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), levels of distress, coping mechanisms, employment changes, and parenting behaviors.
ResultsClose to one quarter (23.5%) of participants reported experiencing IPV since the pandemic began. Using multivariable analysis, reports of IPV during the pandemic were more likely among Black or Hispanic people; among males; among those who reported ACEs or IPV prior to COVID-19; and among those reporting current circumstances such as feeling like difficulties were piling up, use of substance-associated stress relievers, reaching out for help, employment change, and the use of disciplinary methods with children, both aggressive and non-aggressive. Factors associated with lower reports of IPV included feeling nervous/stressed, having no change in financial status, and participating in recreational activities with children.
ConclusionsThese findings suggest several potential intervention points for those who interact with caregivers of children to reduce the risk of IPV.