Purpose <p>Economic abuse, a common but understudied form of intimate partner violence, undermines women’s economic security and independence, which is associated with adverse mental health outcomes. However, limited research has examined the mechanisms linking economic abuse to mental health and the buffering effects of resilience factors. This study addressed these gaps by investigating the indirect role of financial strain and the moderating effects of internal and external resilience factors in the relationship between economic abuse and poor mental health.</p> Method <p>Using publicly available data from the Women’s Resilience and Financial Wellbeing Study, a cross-sectional web-based survey conducted in the United States in 2022, a sample of 382 women was analyzed. Ordinary least squares regression models were employed to explore the relationships among the variables.</p> Results <p>The results revealed that economic abuse was not directly associated with poor mental health but was indirectly related to it through financial strain. Interpersonal strengths, as external resilience factors (e.g., social support available and seeking), significantly buffered the negative effects of economic abuse on financial strain. However, internal resilience factors, including regulatory strengths (e.g., economic self-efficacy, economic self-sufficiency, financial knowledge, and coping) and meaning-making strengths (e.g., future orientation), showed non-significant moderating effects.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings underscore the pivotal role of external resilience, particularly social support, in mitigating the financial and psychological consequences of economic abuse. The study emphasizes the need to prioritize strengthening social support networks and reducing financial strain to enhance the well-being of economic abuse survivors.</p>