<p>A novel multianalyte molecular probe, pyrogallol aldehyde-derived semicarbazone (PSC), has been developed for the ultrasensitive and selective detection of silver (Ag<sup>+</sup>), fluoride (F<sup>−</sup>), and cyanide (CN<sup>−</sup>) ions in aqueous and DMSO media. The probe exhibits distinct coordination behavior with each analyte, leading to significant changes in its photophysical properties, including fluorescence enhancement. Spectroscopic analyses (UV-VIS and fluorescence titrations) reveal detection limits in the nanomolar range, with excellent selectivity over competing ions inducing a 50-fold fluorescence enhancement via the CHEF mechanism. The chemosensor displayed a linear response to Ag<sup>+</sup> at low concentrations, achieving a detection limit of 1.36 × 10<sup>−8</sup> M. Upon addition of CN<sup>−</sup>, a distinct color change from colorless to reddish-pink was observed, with a detection limit of 8.94 × 10<sup>−8</sup> M, and F<sup>−</sup> ions induced a colorless-to-green transition, with a detection limit of 3.66 × 10<sup>−7</sup> M. Binding stoichiometry and interaction mechanisms were elucidated via Job’s plot, NMR titrations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work highlights the potential of the designed probe as a powerful tool for environmental monitoring and biological applications, owing to its rapid response, high sensitivity, and multi-ion recognition capability.</p>

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A Multianalyte Molecular Probe for Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Silver, Fluoride, and Cyanide Ions: Coordination Behaviour and Photophysical Insights

  • Neha Kumari,
  • Minati Baral,
  • B. K. Kanungo

摘要

A novel multianalyte molecular probe, pyrogallol aldehyde-derived semicarbazone (PSC), has been developed for the ultrasensitive and selective detection of silver (Ag+), fluoride (F), and cyanide (CN) ions in aqueous and DMSO media. The probe exhibits distinct coordination behavior with each analyte, leading to significant changes in its photophysical properties, including fluorescence enhancement. Spectroscopic analyses (UV-VIS and fluorescence titrations) reveal detection limits in the nanomolar range, with excellent selectivity over competing ions inducing a 50-fold fluorescence enhancement via the CHEF mechanism. The chemosensor displayed a linear response to Ag+ at low concentrations, achieving a detection limit of 1.36 × 10−8 M. Upon addition of CN, a distinct color change from colorless to reddish-pink was observed, with a detection limit of 8.94 × 10−8 M, and F ions induced a colorless-to-green transition, with a detection limit of 3.66 × 10−7 M. Binding stoichiometry and interaction mechanisms were elucidated via Job’s plot, NMR titrations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work highlights the potential of the designed probe as a powerful tool for environmental monitoring and biological applications, owing to its rapid response, high sensitivity, and multi-ion recognition capability.