Adsorption Thermal Converters of Solar Radiation and Waste Thermal Energy of Various Devices Based on Solid Sorbents and Heat Pipes

Renewable sources of energy (solar radiation, heat of the ground, etc.) are of substantial interest as an alternative to an organic fuel (coal, oil, and gas). Since the heat-flux density is low when renewable energy sources are used, heat exchangers with a large heat-transfer surface should be used to utilize them. Heat pipes and thermosyphons of largelength together with heat transformers on solid and liquid sorbents are some of the most efficient heat-exchange devices intended to utilize renewable energy sources. Solar dryers, water heaters, and demineralized water generators using solar energy are among the most significant applications not associated with electric power stations. Furthermore, the production of hot water is an important consumption of solar energy in the construction industry because of its economic benefit. The cooling of components of electric and hybrid cars and of aircraft equipment, and also of other transportation vehicles using solar energy on the basis of adsorption thermal converters, heat pipes, and thermosyphons ensures the reliability and economy of operation of onboard equipment.