<p>Mindfulness and Modification Therapy (MMT) has been shown to significantly reduce multiple dysregulated behaviors, including alcohol/drug use and aggression, in women with histories of trauma. However, no studies have explored the effects of MMT on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The current pilot study compared a 20-week, mindfulness-focused, integrated therapy (MMT) versus treatment as usual (TAU; a cognitive behavioral-oriented intervention in a clinic specializing in PTSD treatment) in decreasing PTSD symptoms among women self-referred for problematic substance use and anger issues. The sample (N = 20) included women who completed measures at baseline and treatment completion (20 weeks later). Wilcoxon signed-ranked tests were used to evaluate changes in PTSD symptoms for MMT (n = 12) vs. TAU (n = 8). MMT showed significant and large decreases in total PTSD symptoms, as well as decreases in PTSD symptom clusters (reexperiencing, avoidance/numbing, hyperarousal), with medium and large effect sizes. Despite very low power, ANOVA results showed a trend toward significance in the effect of group (MMT vs. TAU, p =.06), suggesting that symptom reductions in MMT may be larger than those in TAU. Though extremely preliminary, findings suggest that MMT may be an appropriate first-stage treatment for behavior dysregulation among individuals with co-occurring dysregulated behaviors and PTSD symptoms. Further research is warranted.</p>