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<p>Developing multifunctional catalysts that integrate solar hydrogen generation with CO₂ utilization is essential for advancing carbon neutral energy technologies. In this study, a multifunctional V₂O₅/polydopamine nanocomposite (V₂O₅/PDA NC) was developed by first synthesizing V₂O₅ nanoparticles (NPs) via a controlled sol gel process, followed by surface functionalization through dopamine self polymerization. Structural and morphological analyses (XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, SEM, TEM, and zeta potential) confirmed the formation of crystalline α-V₂O₅ with PDA interfacial functionalization. The pristine V₂O₅ NPs exhibited a mean particle size of 11.10 ± 4.27&#xa0;nm (median: 10.27&#xa0;nm), which decreased to 7.46 ± 2.57&#xa0;nm (median: 7.10&#xa0;nm) after PDA modification, indicating improved dispersion and inhibited agglomeration. The PDA coating narrowed the optical band gap from 2.06 to 1.71&#xa0;eV and improved dispersion stability as evidenced by the measured surface charge (zeta potential: −52 mV for V₂O₅). The π-conjugated PDA interface promoted efficient charge transfer, suppressed electron hole recombination, and extended visible light absorption. After 8&#xa0;h of simulated solar irradiation, the cumulative H₂ yield increased by 35% from 8.46 to 11.44 mmol H₂ g⁻¹. In CO₂ methanation, the V₂O₅/PDA NC achieved 95.76% CO₂ conversion with high CH₄ selectivity at 330&#xa0;°C, surpassing pristine V₂O₅ (74.73%). These results demonstrate that PDA-mediated interfacial regulation provides a scalable route to enhance charge utilization and surface reactivity of sol–gel-derived V₂O₅ for high-efficiency solar hydrogen production and CO₂ methanation.</p>

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Interfacial Engineering of V₂O₅/Polydopamine Nanocomposite for Enhanced Hydrogen Generation and CO₂ Methanation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Zarah Alqarni

摘要

Developing multifunctional catalysts that integrate solar hydrogen generation with CO₂ utilization is essential for advancing carbon neutral energy technologies. In this study, a multifunctional V₂O₅/polydopamine nanocomposite (V₂O₅/PDA NC) was developed by first synthesizing V₂O₅ nanoparticles (NPs) via a controlled sol gel process, followed by surface functionalization through dopamine self polymerization. Structural and morphological analyses (XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, SEM, TEM, and zeta potential) confirmed the formation of crystalline α-V₂O₅ with PDA interfacial functionalization. The pristine V₂O₅ NPs exhibited a mean particle size of 11.10 ± 4.27 nm (median: 10.27 nm), which decreased to 7.46 ± 2.57 nm (median: 7.10 nm) after PDA modification, indicating improved dispersion and inhibited agglomeration. The PDA coating narrowed the optical band gap from 2.06 to 1.71 eV and improved dispersion stability as evidenced by the measured surface charge (zeta potential: −52 mV for V₂O₅). The π-conjugated PDA interface promoted efficient charge transfer, suppressed electron hole recombination, and extended visible light absorption. After 8 h of simulated solar irradiation, the cumulative H₂ yield increased by 35% from 8.46 to 11.44 mmol H₂ g⁻¹. In CO₂ methanation, the V₂O₅/PDA NC achieved 95.76% CO₂ conversion with high CH₄ selectivity at 330 °C, surpassing pristine V₂O₅ (74.73%). These results demonstrate that PDA-mediated interfacial regulation provides a scalable route to enhance charge utilization and surface reactivity of sol–gel-derived V₂O₅ for high-efficiency solar hydrogen production and CO₂ methanation.