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<p>A novel ZnO/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-Activated carbon (ZnO/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>/AC) hybrid nanocomposite was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using biochar derived from <i>Manilkara zapota</i> peel, followed by thermal annealing. The materials were thoroughly characterized for their structural, morphological, optical, and photocatalytic properties. The ZnO/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>/AC ternary nanocomposite exhibited the optical absorption edges is 450&#xa0;nm which is higher than the pure materials. The band gap energy for ZnO/Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>/AC ternary exhibited 2.23&#xa0;eV which is reduced from 3.27&#xa0;eV. Under visible-light irradiation, it achieved degradation efficiencies of 97% for Rhodamine B and 94% for Methyl Orange with the kinetic rate constants were 0.0219&#xa0;min<sup>− 1</sup> and 0.0203&#xa0;min<sup>− 1</sup> respectively. In stability experiment small percentage of diminish after five cycles from 97% to 95.1% indicating that the ternary composite demonstrated remarkable constancy and reproducibility during the photocatalytic process. Scavenger studies confirmed the primary active spices is benzoquinone (superoxide anions) in the photocatalytic process. Furthermore, the nanocomposite showed strong antibacterial activity against <i>E. faecalis</i> and <i>S. mutans</i>, demonstrating its potential for environmental and oral healthcare applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Sustainable Hybrid ZnO/Bi2O2CO3/Activated Carbon Nanocomposite from Manilkara Zapota Peel for Efficient Visible-Light Driven Dye Degradation and Antibacterial Activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Sorapong Pavasupree,
  • Gomathi Abimannan,
  • Priyadharsan Arumugam,
  • Maadeswaran Palanisamy,
  • Ranjith Rajendran,
  • Thammasak Rojviroon,
  • Sirilak Prasertkulsak,
  • Natacha Phetyim,
  • Orawan Rojviroon

摘要

A novel ZnO/Bi2O2CO3-Activated carbon (ZnO/Bi2O2CO3/AC) hybrid nanocomposite was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method using biochar derived from Manilkara zapota peel, followed by thermal annealing. The materials were thoroughly characterized for their structural, morphological, optical, and photocatalytic properties. The ZnO/Bi2O2CO3/AC ternary nanocomposite exhibited the optical absorption edges is 450 nm which is higher than the pure materials. The band gap energy for ZnO/Bi2O2CO3/AC ternary exhibited 2.23 eV which is reduced from 3.27 eV. Under visible-light irradiation, it achieved degradation efficiencies of 97% for Rhodamine B and 94% for Methyl Orange with the kinetic rate constants were 0.0219 min− 1 and 0.0203 min− 1 respectively. In stability experiment small percentage of diminish after five cycles from 97% to 95.1% indicating that the ternary composite demonstrated remarkable constancy and reproducibility during the photocatalytic process. Scavenger studies confirmed the primary active spices is benzoquinone (superoxide anions) in the photocatalytic process. Furthermore, the nanocomposite showed strong antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and S. mutans, demonstrating its potential for environmental and oral healthcare applications.

Graphical Abstract