<p>Genistein (Gen) a naturally occurring isoflavone, has attracted significant interest in the fields of pharmaceutical research due to its diverse biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects. However, its clinical application has been substantially constrained by poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, and low oral bioavailability. To address these challenges, various nanotechnology-based delivery systems including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, protein-based nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and metallic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated to enhance the physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic profiles of Gen. Despite the rapid progress in this field, a comprehensive review summarizing recent advances in the preparation techniques, delivery mechanisms, and practical applications of Gen nanopreparations has been lacking in recent years. This review systematically highlights the design strategies, carrier types, and fabrication methods of Gen-loaded nanodelivery systems, and critically discusses their mechanisms in enhancing Gen’s bioavailability and functional performance. Furthermore, the review analyzes patent landscapes and clinical progress to underscore translational potential, offering a theoretical framework and technological guidance for product development and early clinical translation.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>