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<p>The consumption of <i>contaminated food</i> can lead to several diseases <i>in</i> humans and animals. Aflatoxins are one of the most emerging contaminants in food commodities. In this study, the surface of lignin nanoparticles was functionalized with chitosan (CS) and iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) using a novel, simple, cost-effective, and ecological method. The synthesized nanomaterials were tested to remove the aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>) contamination. Lignin and CS were extracted from coconut coir and shrimp shell waste, respectively. Whereas, Fe-NPs were produced using black tea leaf extract. The structural elucidation of each nanomaterial was explained using UV-Vis spectroscopy, EDX, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis. These observations revealed that the produced nanomaterials were spherical with diameters ranging from 60 to 200&#xa0;nm. The percent removal of AFB<sub>1</sub> was found in the following order: L-CS-Fe &gt; L-CS &gt; LNP &gt; L-Fe &gt; CS. The removal efficacy of L-CS-Fe was &gt; 95% using 1&#xa0;mg/mL of adsorbent, AFB<sub>1</sub> 100 ng/mL, pH 5, at 37<sup>o</sup>C in 75&#xa0;min. Langmuir isotherm model was well aligned with a maximum adsorption capacity of 160.7&#xa0;mg/g and monolayer coverage. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The L-CS-Fe remained reusable and retained its efficacy even after five measured cycles. In conclusion, L-CS-Fe exhibited excellent performance for AFB<sub>1</sub> removal due to its high adsorption and regeneration capability. In addition, it can be applied as a useful and safe adsorbent in naturally contaminated food/feedstuffs.</p>

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Development of Lignin-Chitosan-Iron Nanocomposite for Effective Removal of Aflatoxin B1 in Food and Feed Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月5日

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  • Madeeha Jabeen,
  • Suraiya Jabeen,
  • Farman Ahmed,
  • Muhammad Asif Asghar

摘要

The consumption of contaminated food can lead to several diseases in humans and animals. Aflatoxins are one of the most emerging contaminants in food commodities. In this study, the surface of lignin nanoparticles was functionalized with chitosan (CS) and iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) using a novel, simple, cost-effective, and ecological method. The synthesized nanomaterials were tested to remove the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination. Lignin and CS were extracted from coconut coir and shrimp shell waste, respectively. Whereas, Fe-NPs were produced using black tea leaf extract. The structural elucidation of each nanomaterial was explained using UV-Vis spectroscopy, EDX, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis. These observations revealed that the produced nanomaterials were spherical with diameters ranging from 60 to 200 nm. The percent removal of AFB1 was found in the following order: L-CS-Fe > L-CS > LNP > L-Fe > CS. The removal efficacy of L-CS-Fe was > 95% using 1 mg/mL of adsorbent, AFB1 100 ng/mL, pH 5, at 37oC in 75 min. Langmuir isotherm model was well aligned with a maximum adsorption capacity of 160.7 mg/g and monolayer coverage. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic followed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The L-CS-Fe remained reusable and retained its efficacy even after five measured cycles. In conclusion, L-CS-Fe exhibited excellent performance for AFB1 removal due to its high adsorption and regeneration capability. In addition, it can be applied as a useful and safe adsorbent in naturally contaminated food/feedstuffs.