3-(N-Alkylammonium)propanesulfonate Inner Salts, A Short Series
摘要
Reaction of even parity primary alkyl amines with propanesultone produces 3-(N-alkylammonium)propanesulfonate inner salts as slightly-soluble solids in polar solvents and in good yields. A short series of amines, n-CnH2n+1NH2 with n = 4, 6, 8, 10, was studied. Crystals of the N-butyl analog from water occurred as a dihydrate, orthorhombic, P nma, with molecules lying on mirror planes and waters in general positions. Secondary ammonium ions are hydrogen-bonded to waters of crystallization, which are hydrogen-bonded to sulfonate oxygens with only two-centered+N-H…Ow and O-H…O- interactions. Beginning with the N-hexyl homolog, crystals are polycrystalline, fibrous and with sufficient alignment coherence to allow determination as though single crystals. The degree of fiber misalignment was 3–5o, approximately. Crystals from water are triclinic (unsolvated), P -1, with molecules lying between crystal (0 2 2) planes. Molecular packing shows adjacent molecules hydrogen-bonded between secondary ammonium ions and sulfonate ions in which all +N-H…(O, O’)- interactions are three-centered. Terminal alkyl groups pack in adjacent regions so that both hydrogen-bonding and dispersion attractions contribute to increasing intermolecular attractions and melting temperatures, exceeding 260 oC for the N-decyl homolog. The four compounds are further characterized by infrared spectroscopy and proton and carbon magnetic resonance spectroscopy and solubilities in common solvents.
Graphical Abstract3-(N-Butylammonium)propanesulfonate zwitterions are mirror symmetric in P nma, while hexyl, octyl and decyl homologs are fibrous triclinic (P -1) structures with molecules lying approximately along the (0 1 1) planes