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<p>In this study, we report the biogenic synthesis of ZnO-CuO nanocomposites (NCPs) utilizing <i>Mentha longifolia</i> leaf extract as both a reducing and capping candidate. The synthesis process was optimized utilizing the Plackett-Burman statistical design, achieving a maximum yield of 22.18 mg/mL under controlled conditions. The resulting ZnO-CuO NCPs exhibited a crystalline structure with an average particle size of 26.61 nm, as analyzed by XRD, TEM, and SEM approaches. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents, such as phenolic derivatives and alkaloids, which stabilized the nanocomposites. The ZnO-CuO NCPs demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens, including <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Candida albicans</i>, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 180.47 µg/mL. In anticancer evaluations, the ZnO-CuO NCPs exhibited selective cytotoxicity against A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), and MDA (breast) cancer cell lines, with selectivity indices (SI) of 4.88, 25.19, and 46.32, respectively. Apoptosis induction was confirmed through nuclear staining and morphological analysis. Additionally, the ZnO-CuO NCPs showed promising antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) (IC<sub>50</sub> = 9.29 µg/mL, SI = 63.24) and Adenovirus-7 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 25.88 µg/mL, SI = 22.66), suggesting potential mechanisms involving viral replication inhibition. Molecular docking studies further supported the anticancer potential of the ZnO-CuO NCPs, revealing strong interactions with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Bcl-2-associated protein x (Bax), key regulators of angiogenesis and apoptosis. These findings highlight the multifunctional therapeutic potential of plant-mediated ZnO-CuO NCPs, offering a sustainable and effective strategy for addressing antimicrobial resistance, cancer, and viral infections, with promising implications for future biomedical applications.</p><p></p>

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The potential of Eco-friendly synthesis of multifunctional ZnO-CuO nanocomposites using Mentha longifolia extract for their biomedical applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月14日

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  • Shahira H. EL-Moslamy,
  • Esmail M. El-Fakharany,
  • Omkulthom Al kamaly,
  • Mohamed H. El-Sayed,
  • Yousra A. El-Maradny

摘要

In this study, we report the biogenic synthesis of ZnO-CuO nanocomposites (NCPs) utilizing Mentha longifolia leaf extract as both a reducing and capping candidate. The synthesis process was optimized utilizing the Plackett-Burman statistical design, achieving a maximum yield of 22.18 mg/mL under controlled conditions. The resulting ZnO-CuO NCPs exhibited a crystalline structure with an average particle size of 26.61 nm, as analyzed by XRD, TEM, and SEM approaches. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents, such as phenolic derivatives and alkaloids, which stabilized the nanocomposites. The ZnO-CuO NCPs demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 180.47 µg/mL. In anticancer evaluations, the ZnO-CuO NCPs exhibited selective cytotoxicity against A549 (lung), HepG2 (liver), and MDA (breast) cancer cell lines, with selectivity indices (SI) of 4.88, 25.19, and 46.32, respectively. Apoptosis induction was confirmed through nuclear staining and morphological analysis. Additionally, the ZnO-CuO NCPs showed promising antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) (IC50 = 9.29 µg/mL, SI = 63.24) and Adenovirus-7 (IC50 = 25.88 µg/mL, SI = 22.66), suggesting potential mechanisms involving viral replication inhibition. Molecular docking studies further supported the anticancer potential of the ZnO-CuO NCPs, revealing strong interactions with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Bcl-2-associated protein x (Bax), key regulators of angiogenesis and apoptosis. These findings highlight the multifunctional therapeutic potential of plant-mediated ZnO-CuO NCPs, offering a sustainable and effective strategy for addressing antimicrobial resistance, cancer, and viral infections, with promising implications for future biomedical applications.