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<p>Hydrothermally synthesized bismuth sodium titanate–barium titanate (Bi<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>–BaTiO<sub>3</sub>, <i>x</i> = 0.06) nanoparticles were incorporated into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer matrix to develop flexible composite materials with enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties. The functional properties of the composites were found to be strongly dependent on the ceramic filler content. Among the investigated compositions, the composite containing 15 wt% bismuth sodium titanate–barium titanate loaded polydimethylsiloxane exhibited an optimal balance of electrical and mechanical performance, including a high dielectric constant, strong polarization (maximum polarization of 41.9442 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> and remanent polarization of 27.8932 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>), a maximum strain of 0.226% and a high piezoelectric coefficient of 301.017&#xa0;pm/V, while retaining excellent mechanical flexibility. A decline in dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric performance at higher ceramic loadings was attributed to particle agglomeration and restricted mobility of polymer chains. These findings demonstrate that bismuth sodium titanate–barium titanate–polydimethylsiloxane composites are promising candidates for flexible, low-loss dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric applications such as sensors, actuators, and flexible electronic devices.</p>

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Optimization of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–BaTiO3 nanoparticles in polydimethylsiloxane for high-performance piezoelectric composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月29日

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  • Jawahar Bodulwar,
  • Ajay Lad,
  • Kailash Nemade

摘要

Hydrothermally synthesized bismuth sodium titanate–barium titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–BaTiO3, x = 0.06) nanoparticles were incorporated into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer matrix to develop flexible composite materials with enhanced dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties. The functional properties of the composites were found to be strongly dependent on the ceramic filler content. Among the investigated compositions, the composite containing 15 wt% bismuth sodium titanate–barium titanate loaded polydimethylsiloxane exhibited an optimal balance of electrical and mechanical performance, including a high dielectric constant, strong polarization (maximum polarization of 41.9442 μC/cm2 and remanent polarization of 27.8932 μC/cm2), a maximum strain of 0.226% and a high piezoelectric coefficient of 301.017 pm/V, while retaining excellent mechanical flexibility. A decline in dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric performance at higher ceramic loadings was attributed to particle agglomeration and restricted mobility of polymer chains. These findings demonstrate that bismuth sodium titanate–barium titanate–polydimethylsiloxane composites are promising candidates for flexible, low-loss dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric applications such as sensors, actuators, and flexible electronic devices.