The FeCoNi nanolayers deposited on wave-transmitting basalt substrates toward excellent microwave absorption
摘要
Basalt/FeCoNi composites were fabricated for use as microwave absorbers, leveraging the excellent magnetic properties of FeCoNi and the dielectric properties of basalt. The composites were synthesized through a chemical reduction process, with basalt flakes of different sizes serving as the wave-transmitting substrates. The FeCoNi nanolayers were deposited on the basalt surface and thermally annealed to control crystallinity and optimize the electromagnetic response. The composite materials exhibited a transition from amorphous to mixed BCC/FCC phases as the annealing temperature increased. The optimized sample, unannealed amorphous basalt/FeCoNi-600 (synthesized at room temperature), achieved a minimum reflection loss of −39.05 dB at 4.91 GHz with a 4.85 GHz (RL < −10 dB) effective bandwidth. The microwave absorption performance was attributed to the synergistic effects of conduction loss, interfacial polarization, and magnetic resonance, combined with balanced impedance matching. These results suggest that basalt/FeCoNi composites, with their lightweight and tunable structure, hold significant potential as high-performance microwave absorbers.