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<p>Rare earth ion-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub>-based colossal permittivity (CP, relative permittivity is defined as <i>Ɛ</i><sub>r</sub>) ceramics have been investigated, with two typical stoichiometric strategies commonly adopted, namely the charge compensation strategy (valence balance, Sr<sub>1−1.5<i>x</i></sub>Ln<sub><i>x</i></sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>) and the equimolar substitution strategy (site balance, Sr<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Ln<sub><i>x</i></sub>TiO<sub>3</sub>). However, there is currently no unified research standard, and it remains unclear which approach is superior. The Y-doped SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (ST) ceramics were fabricated under identical conditions using two stoichiometric strategies, and a comparative study was performed. The Sr<sub>1−1.5<i>x</i></sub>Ln<sub><i>x</i></sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> ceramics possess more strontium vacancies (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V^{\prime\prime}_{{S{\text{r}}}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mi>S</mi> <mtext>r</mtext> </mrow> <mo>″</mo> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and oxygen vacancies (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(V_{O}^{ \bullet \bullet }\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi>V</mi> <mrow> <mi>O</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>∙</mo> <mo>∙</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), and form more abundant defect dipoles. Consequently, the Sr<sub>0.979</sub>Y<sub>0.014</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (valence balance) ceramics exhibit a CP of 24,870 and a low dielectric loss (tan<i>δ</i>, 0.02) at 1&#xa0;kHz and room temperature. The valence balance Ln‑doped ST ceramics exhibit not only a higher <i>Ɛ</i>ᵣ across the measured frequency range but also improved frequency stability compared to the site balance ones. It is provided a theoretical basis for the design strategies toward the preparation and performance optimization of ST‑based CP ceramics.</p>

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Charge compensation and equimolar substitution strategies in Y-doped SrTiO3 colossal permittivity ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月4日

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  • Bo Wang,
  • Congzhe Xu,
  • Jinbo Zhang,
  • Haokun Wang,
  • Lei Zhang,
  • Yongping Pu

摘要

Rare earth ion-doped SrTiO3-based colossal permittivity (CP, relative permittivity is defined as Ɛr) ceramics have been investigated, with two typical stoichiometric strategies commonly adopted, namely the charge compensation strategy (valence balance, Sr1−1.5xLnxTiO3) and the equimolar substitution strategy (site balance, Sr1−xLnxTiO3). However, there is currently no unified research standard, and it remains unclear which approach is superior. The Y-doped SrTiO3 (ST) ceramics were fabricated under identical conditions using two stoichiometric strategies, and a comparative study was performed. The Sr1−1.5xLnxTiO3 ceramics possess more strontium vacancies ( \(V^{\prime\prime}_{{S{\text{r}}}}\) V S r ″ ) and oxygen vacancies ( \(V_{O}^{ \bullet \bullet }\) V O ∙ ∙ ), and form more abundant defect dipoles. Consequently, the Sr0.979Y0.014TiO3 (valence balance) ceramics exhibit a CP of 24,870 and a low dielectric loss (tanδ, 0.02) at 1 kHz and room temperature. The valence balance Ln‑doped ST ceramics exhibit not only a higher Ɛᵣ across the measured frequency range but also improved frequency stability compared to the site balance ones. It is provided a theoretical basis for the design strategies toward the preparation and performance optimization of ST‑based CP ceramics.