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<p>Ultra-fine copper oxide (CuO) particles, recognized for their broad application potential, were synthesized via supercritical hydrothermal method using copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide as precursors. This study systematically investigated the effects of key operational parameters—reaction temperature, pressure, and time particle morphology and grain size, while also exploring the role of ethanol in enhancing particle dispersion. Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed that optimal synthesis conditions (450&#xa0;°C, 28&#xa0;MPa, 10&#xa0;min) yielded uniformly distributed CuO particles with minimal agglomeration. The addition of ethanol (Cu<sup>2</sup>⁺:ethanol molar ratio of 1:4) further improved particle clarity and stability, attributed to hydroxyl group interactions. Zeta potential analysis demonstrated superior stability of CuO nanoparticles in ethylene glycol compared to aqueous solutions. Additionally, UV–Vis spectroscopy indicated enhanced light absorption properties with ethanol incorporation, suggesting promising applications in optoelectronic devices.</p>

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Supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of ultra-fine copper oxide particles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Panpan Sun,
  • Chuanjiang Sun,
  • Zhaobin Lv

摘要

Ultra-fine copper oxide (CuO) particles, recognized for their broad application potential, were synthesized via supercritical hydrothermal method using copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide as precursors. This study systematically investigated the effects of key operational parameters—reaction temperature, pressure, and time particle morphology and grain size, while also exploring the role of ethanol in enhancing particle dispersion. Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealed that optimal synthesis conditions (450 °C, 28 MPa, 10 min) yielded uniformly distributed CuO particles with minimal agglomeration. The addition of ethanol (Cu2⁺:ethanol molar ratio of 1:4) further improved particle clarity and stability, attributed to hydroxyl group interactions. Zeta potential analysis demonstrated superior stability of CuO nanoparticles in ethylene glycol compared to aqueous solutions. Additionally, UV–Vis spectroscopy indicated enhanced light absorption properties with ethanol incorporation, suggesting promising applications in optoelectronic devices.