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<p>Er<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>Ca<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> ceramics (<i>x</i> = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were synthesized by means of the traditional solid-state sintering technique. Their phase structure, dielectric performances, ferroelectric properties, energy storage capabilities, and piezoelectric energy-harvesting characteristics were systematically studied. X-ray diffraction was employed to characterize the samples. The XRD results indicated that all specimens possess an identical cubic pyrochlore structure. Measurements of the dielectrics were performed at temperatures between 313 and 673&#xa0;K and frequencies between 20&#xa0;Hz and 30&#xa0;MHz. Doped specimens with Ca showed significant enhancement of dielectric constant and a small tangent loss across a broad frequency spectrum. Based on the fitting of <i>n</i> values (0.29–0.55), it can be concluded that AC current is consistent with the Jonscher power law, which indicates short-range ionized conduction. All phases exhibited typical ferroelectric properties. One of the best results obtained in terms of energy storage is the value 63.48%, achieved by the Er<sub>2-<i>x</i></sub>Ca<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0.1). The flexible piezoelectric energy-harvesting devices were made using the composition of Er<sub>1.9</sub>Ca<sub>0.1</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). It has been seen that under a periodic impact force of 1.5 N, the 5 wt% PVDF/Er<sub>1.9</sub>Ca<sub>0.1</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> device delivered the maximum peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage output, indicating that this material may have a good application in capacitors and piezoelectric harvesting systems.</p>

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Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of calcium-doped titanium pyrochlore Er2−xCaxTi2O7 ceramics and energy-harvesting application

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月27日

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  • Jian Bian,
  • Siyu Chen,
  • Tianpeng Wang,
  • Hao Zu,
  • Hui Liu,
  • Yuan Feng,
  • Yang Yu

摘要

Er2-xCaxTi2O7 ceramics (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were synthesized by means of the traditional solid-state sintering technique. Their phase structure, dielectric performances, ferroelectric properties, energy storage capabilities, and piezoelectric energy-harvesting characteristics were systematically studied. X-ray diffraction was employed to characterize the samples. The XRD results indicated that all specimens possess an identical cubic pyrochlore structure. Measurements of the dielectrics were performed at temperatures between 313 and 673 K and frequencies between 20 Hz and 30 MHz. Doped specimens with Ca showed significant enhancement of dielectric constant and a small tangent loss across a broad frequency spectrum. Based on the fitting of n values (0.29–0.55), it can be concluded that AC current is consistent with the Jonscher power law, which indicates short-range ionized conduction. All phases exhibited typical ferroelectric properties. One of the best results obtained in terms of energy storage is the value 63.48%, achieved by the Er2-xCaxTi2O7 (x = 0.1). The flexible piezoelectric energy-harvesting devices were made using the composition of Er1.9Ca0.1Ti2O7-doped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). It has been seen that under a periodic impact force of 1.5 N, the 5 wt% PVDF/Er1.9Ca0.1Ti2O7 device delivered the maximum peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage output, indicating that this material may have a good application in capacitors and piezoelectric harvesting systems.