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<p>Textiles, owing to their excellent breathability, softness, and structural elasticity, hold great potential for applications in flexible sensors and intelligent wearable devices. Piezoelectric sensors have become a research hotspot in wearable technology due to their capability for long-term sensing and monitoring. In this work, coaxial electrospinning with dual nozzles (inner and outer) operating simultaneously was employed to fabricate nanofibers, where the synergistic effects of graphene oxide (GO) and barium titanate (BTO) doping were utilized to enhance the piezoelectric performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). GO, known for its high electrical conductivity, contributed to improved sensitivity of the composite nanofiber membrane after incorporation. When the mass fraction of GO was 0.1 wt% and that of BTO was 5 wt%, the <i>β</i>-phase content in PVDF reached its maximum value of 84.72%. Under an applied force of 2.2 N, the output voltage of the PVDF/GO/BTO composite nanofiber membrane reached 14.35&#xa0;V, demonstrating a further enhancement in piezoelectric performance compared with single-component conductive fillers. Moreover, under a test load range of 0–3 N, the piezoelectric film exhibited a high sensitivity of 4.122&#xa0;V·N⁻<sup>1</sup>, and durability testing over 500 cycles confirmed its excellent mechanical robustness. Finally, a flexible piezoelectric sensor was fabricated and applied to human motion monitoring, confirming its outstanding potential for wearable sensing applications.</p>

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High-sensitivity piezoelectric sensor based on electrospun PVDF-GO-BaTiO3 nanofibers for motion detection and tactile sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月28日

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  • Yafang Li,
  • Yinong Sun,
  • Mengchen Yan,
  • Beining Ma,
  • Zhihao Li,
  • Tao Tian,
  • Zongjie Li,
  • Jing Yan,
  • Yixia Zhao

摘要

Textiles, owing to their excellent breathability, softness, and structural elasticity, hold great potential for applications in flexible sensors and intelligent wearable devices. Piezoelectric sensors have become a research hotspot in wearable technology due to their capability for long-term sensing and monitoring. In this work, coaxial electrospinning with dual nozzles (inner and outer) operating simultaneously was employed to fabricate nanofibers, where the synergistic effects of graphene oxide (GO) and barium titanate (BTO) doping were utilized to enhance the piezoelectric performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). GO, known for its high electrical conductivity, contributed to improved sensitivity of the composite nanofiber membrane after incorporation. When the mass fraction of GO was 0.1 wt% and that of BTO was 5 wt%, the β-phase content in PVDF reached its maximum value of 84.72%. Under an applied force of 2.2 N, the output voltage of the PVDF/GO/BTO composite nanofiber membrane reached 14.35 V, demonstrating a further enhancement in piezoelectric performance compared with single-component conductive fillers. Moreover, under a test load range of 0–3 N, the piezoelectric film exhibited a high sensitivity of 4.122 V·N⁻1, and durability testing over 500 cycles confirmed its excellent mechanical robustness. Finally, a flexible piezoelectric sensor was fabricated and applied to human motion monitoring, confirming its outstanding potential for wearable sensing applications.