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<p>Ta and Nd co-doped 0.9NaNb<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Ta<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub>−0.1Bi<sub>1−<i>y</i></sub>Nd<sub><i>y</i></sub>FeO<sub>3</sub> ceramics (<i>x</i> = 0.4, 0.6; <i>y</i> = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were synthesized via spark plasma sintering. Systematic structural characterization supports the coexistence of the antiferroelectric (AFE) P and AFE R phases, with their fractions tuned by Ta and Nd contents. This phase fraction modulation influences the polarization response: at <i>x</i> = 0.4, the ferroelectric (FE) hysteresis loop transforms from an FE-like to a nearly linear shape with increasing <i>y</i> due to the increasing R phase fraction; conversely, the slim loop gradually broadens into an FE-like shape at <i>x</i> = 0.6 as the P phase predominates. Dielectric measurements reveal diffuse phase transitions attributed to structural disorder induced by chemical inhomogeneity. Impedance spectroscopy shows that both grain and grain-boundary effects contribute to the conduction process, with the dominant mechanism controlled by the Ta content. Arrhenius fitting suggests that doubly ionized vacancies dominate the grain conductivity at <i>x</i> = 0.4 and the grain-boundary conductivity at <i>x</i> = 0.6, whereas singly ionized vacancies prevail in the complementary regions. These findings demonstrate that Ta and Nd co-doping serves as an effective strategy for modulating phase structures, polarization responses, and conduction behaviors in 0.9NaNb<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Ta<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub>−0.1Bi<sub>1−<i>y</i></sub>Nd<sub><i>y</i></sub>FeO<sub>3</sub> ceramics.</p>

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Composition-dependent phase modulation and conduction in Ta/Nd co-doped 0.9NaNb1−xTaxO3−0.1Bi1−yNdyFeO3 ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Jiajun Song,
  • Xiaohua Huang,
  • Wenhao Xun,
  • Zaijun Cheng,
  • Feibing Xiong

摘要

Ta and Nd co-doped 0.9NaNb1−xTaxO3−0.1Bi1−yNdyFeO3 ceramics (x = 0.4, 0.6; y = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were synthesized via spark plasma sintering. Systematic structural characterization supports the coexistence of the antiferroelectric (AFE) P and AFE R phases, with their fractions tuned by Ta and Nd contents. This phase fraction modulation influences the polarization response: at x = 0.4, the ferroelectric (FE) hysteresis loop transforms from an FE-like to a nearly linear shape with increasing y due to the increasing R phase fraction; conversely, the slim loop gradually broadens into an FE-like shape at x = 0.6 as the P phase predominates. Dielectric measurements reveal diffuse phase transitions attributed to structural disorder induced by chemical inhomogeneity. Impedance spectroscopy shows that both grain and grain-boundary effects contribute to the conduction process, with the dominant mechanism controlled by the Ta content. Arrhenius fitting suggests that doubly ionized vacancies dominate the grain conductivity at x = 0.4 and the grain-boundary conductivity at x = 0.6, whereas singly ionized vacancies prevail in the complementary regions. These findings demonstrate that Ta and Nd co-doping serves as an effective strategy for modulating phase structures, polarization responses, and conduction behaviors in 0.9NaNb1−xTaxO3−0.1Bi1−yNdyFeO3 ceramics.