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<p>In this study, we systematically investigate the structural, morphological, and thermoelectric properties of β-FeSi<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and their composites with varying ratios of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the presence of characteristic peaks of <i>β</i>-FeSi<sub>2</sub> at 28.57°, 47.55°, 56.25°, and 59.54°, corresponding to the (202), (101), (600), and (400) planes, respectively. A slight shift toward higher angles and a decrease in peak intensity are observed with increasing g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> content, suggesting successful incorporation of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>. Raman spectroscopy further differentiates the two phases, with new vibrational modes emerging at 292, 410, 610, 658, and 1320&#xa0;cm<sup>−1</sup> in the composite samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy reveals that the addition of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> leads to the formation of nanocrystalline-decorated surfaces, which are favorable for enhancing thermoelectric performance. Thermoelectric measurements show significant enhancement in the Seebeck coefficient with increasing g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> content, reaching a maximum of 305&#xa0;µV/K for the 20% g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> composite at 300&#xa0;K. Meanwhile, electrical conductivity decreases with increasing g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ratio, consistent with the reduction in charge carrier concentration and mobility. Overall, the incorporation of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> effectively tunes the electrical transport properties of <i>β</i>-FeSi<sub>2</sub>, leading to an optimized balance between electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, and ultimately enhancing the thermoelectric power factor of the 10% g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/FeSi<sub>2</sub> composite to 3.71 µWcm<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;K<sup>−2</sup> at 450&#xa0;K.</p>

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Enhanced thermoelectric properties of β-FeSi2/g-C3N4 nanocomposites: structural, morphological, and electrical transport insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Asfandiyar,
  • Elsammani Ali Shokralla,
  • M. Yasir Ali,
  • Rasmiah S. Almufarij,
  • M. D. Alshahrani,
  • Jack Arayro,
  • Mohamed A. Siddig,
  • Mohamed Abdelsabour Fahmy,
  • Adnan Ali,
  • Xianglin Li,
  • Arslan Ashfaq

摘要

In this study, we systematically investigate the structural, morphological, and thermoelectric properties of β-FeSi2 nanoparticles and their composites with varying ratios of g-C3N4 (1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the presence of characteristic peaks of β-FeSi2 at 28.57°, 47.55°, 56.25°, and 59.54°, corresponding to the (202), (101), (600), and (400) planes, respectively. A slight shift toward higher angles and a decrease in peak intensity are observed with increasing g-C3N4 content, suggesting successful incorporation of g-C3N4. Raman spectroscopy further differentiates the two phases, with new vibrational modes emerging at 292, 410, 610, 658, and 1320 cm−1 in the composite samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy reveals that the addition of g-C3N4 leads to the formation of nanocrystalline-decorated surfaces, which are favorable for enhancing thermoelectric performance. Thermoelectric measurements show significant enhancement in the Seebeck coefficient with increasing g-C3N4 content, reaching a maximum of 305 µV/K for the 20% g-C3N4 composite at 300 K. Meanwhile, electrical conductivity decreases with increasing g-C3N4 ratio, consistent with the reduction in charge carrier concentration and mobility. Overall, the incorporation of g-C3N4 effectively tunes the electrical transport properties of β-FeSi2, leading to an optimized balance between electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, and ultimately enhancing the thermoelectric power factor of the 10% g-C3N4/FeSi2 composite to 3.71 µWcm−1 K−2 at 450 K.