<p>Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have gathered significant attention due to their exceptional mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. Integrating CNFs into additive manufacturing (AM) techniques has opened new avenues for creating advanced composite materials. CNF, with its high surface area, tuneable porosity, and functionalization potential, holds potential in various areas such as aerospace, construction, automotive, and biomedical industries This review introduces AM techniques, discusses 3D structures of carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and provides a comprehensive overview of AM of CNF-Based Materials, divided into three key points: (a) fabrication of 3D-printed CNF-based materials, (b) characteristics of 3D-printed CNF-based materials, and (c) applications of 3D-printed CNF-based materials. The primary AM techniques for processing CNF-based materials include fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and inkjet printing. The table highlights critical parameters applicable during the 3D printing of samples, such as appropriate nozzle and bed temperatures, standard printing speed, developed sample layer thickness, and resolution, alongside suitable unique configurations and optimizations employed in different studies. The comparative characteristics, advantages, and trade-offs of 3D-printed carbon nanofiber-based materials are also highlighted. The final section discusses the challenges and opportunities in scaling up 3D-printed CNF-based materials, as well as future research directions, including developing novel materials and optimizing AM processes.</p>