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<p>A novel binder-free SnO<sub>2</sub>/polyaniline (PANI) composite anode grown directly on carbon cloth (CC) is developed via a hydrothermal approach for high-performance Li-ion batteries. The integrated architecture eliminates inactive binders and current collector interfaces, enabling efficient electron transport and robust mechanical integrity. Compared with conventional SnO<sub>2</sub> coated on a copper current collector and bare SnO<sub>2</sub> grown on CC, the SnO<sub>2</sub>/PANI@CC electrode delivers markedly enhanced electrochemical performance, including higher discharge capacity, superior cycling stability, improved rate capability, and reduced cell resistance, as confirmed by comprehensive electrochemical analyses and post-cycling characterization. The electrode maintains a high reversible capacity of 1057 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after 100 cycles at a relatively high current density of 500&#xa0;mA&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> (0.5 C). Upon subsequently reducing the current density to 250&#xa0;mA&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>, a capacity of 871 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> is retained after 300 cycles, even in a Swagelok cell configuration. Notably, the improved capacity retention observed at higher current density is attributed to reduced lithiation-induced stress and mitigated volume expansion, resulting in lower structural degradation, a conclusion further supported by post-cycling analysis. The superior electrochemical behavior of the SnO<sub>2</sub>/PANI@CC electrode arises from the synergistic effects of the conductive PANI network and the direct growth on flexible carbon cloth, which together stabilize the electrode–electrolyte interface and effectively suppress mechanical failure during prolonged cycling. Overall, the binder-free SnO<sub>2</sub>/PANI@CC anode outperforms conventional graphite and many previously reported SnO<sub>2</sub>-based anodes, demonstrating strong potential for next-generation high energy Li-ion batteries.</p>

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Direct integration of SnO2/PANI on carbon cloth for high-capacity, binder-free anodes with enhanced cycling stability in lithium-ion cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Neethu Simon,
  • E. M. Sreeja,
  • S. Jayalekshmi,
  • Vineeth Mohanan Parakkat

摘要

A novel binder-free SnO2/polyaniline (PANI) composite anode grown directly on carbon cloth (CC) is developed via a hydrothermal approach for high-performance Li-ion batteries. The integrated architecture eliminates inactive binders and current collector interfaces, enabling efficient electron transport and robust mechanical integrity. Compared with conventional SnO2 coated on a copper current collector and bare SnO2 grown on CC, the SnO2/PANI@CC electrode delivers markedly enhanced electrochemical performance, including higher discharge capacity, superior cycling stability, improved rate capability, and reduced cell resistance, as confirmed by comprehensive electrochemical analyses and post-cycling characterization. The electrode maintains a high reversible capacity of 1057 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at a relatively high current density of 500 mA g−1 (0.5 C). Upon subsequently reducing the current density to 250 mA g−1, a capacity of 871 mAh g−1 is retained after 300 cycles, even in a Swagelok cell configuration. Notably, the improved capacity retention observed at higher current density is attributed to reduced lithiation-induced stress and mitigated volume expansion, resulting in lower structural degradation, a conclusion further supported by post-cycling analysis. The superior electrochemical behavior of the SnO2/PANI@CC electrode arises from the synergistic effects of the conductive PANI network and the direct growth on flexible carbon cloth, which together stabilize the electrode–electrolyte interface and effectively suppress mechanical failure during prolonged cycling. Overall, the binder-free SnO2/PANI@CC anode outperforms conventional graphite and many previously reported SnO2-based anodes, demonstrating strong potential for next-generation high energy Li-ion batteries.