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<p>Dual-site substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with the composition CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>:Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺, Mn<sup>2</sup>⁺(A-site)/Ce<sup>3</sup>⁺(B-site) were synthesized via a glycolthermal method and examined for their structural and optical properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed a cubic spinel phase with minor CeO<sub>2</sub> secondary peaks at higher dopant levels. Doping slightly increased the lattice constant and microstrain while reducing crystallite size and X-ray density. Scanning Electron Microscopy and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy analyses revealed nanoparticle morphologies with agglomerations that became more pronounced upon doping. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni, Mn, and Ce ions into the lattice. Optical absorption spectra showed a tunable band gap from 2.84 (undoped) to 2.60&#xa0;eV (30&#xa0;mol% doped), while Urbach energy increased from 1.12 to 1.64&#xa0;eV, indicating enhanced structural disorder and defect density. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited broad violet-to-green emissions dominated by defect-related and Ce<sup>3</sup>⁺-induced transitions. CIE chromaticity analysis located all emissions in the orange region with high colour purity (80–84%) and correlated colour temperatures below 2000&#xa0;K, corresponding to ultra-warm light. The study demonstrates that dual-site doping effectively tunes the structural and optical features of cobalt ferrite, making it a promising material for orange-red light-emitting and photocatalytic applications.</p>

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Structural and optical investigations of dual-site substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Sunday A. Ogundipe,
  • Donald D. Hile,
  • Prince S. Mkwae,
  • Thokozani Mpanza,
  • Puleng N. Biyela,
  • Sphamandla Masikane,
  • Gwaza E. Ayom,
  • Neerish Revaprasadu,
  • Ceboliyazakha L. Ndlangamandla

摘要

Dual-site substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with the composition CoFe2O4:Ni2⁺, Mn2⁺(A-site)/Ce3⁺(B-site) were synthesized via a glycolthermal method and examined for their structural and optical properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed a cubic spinel phase with minor CeO2 secondary peaks at higher dopant levels. Doping slightly increased the lattice constant and microstrain while reducing crystallite size and X-ray density. Scanning Electron Microscopy and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy analyses revealed nanoparticle morphologies with agglomerations that became more pronounced upon doping. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni, Mn, and Ce ions into the lattice. Optical absorption spectra showed a tunable band gap from 2.84 (undoped) to 2.60 eV (30 mol% doped), while Urbach energy increased from 1.12 to 1.64 eV, indicating enhanced structural disorder and defect density. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited broad violet-to-green emissions dominated by defect-related and Ce3⁺-induced transitions. CIE chromaticity analysis located all emissions in the orange region with high colour purity (80–84%) and correlated colour temperatures below 2000 K, corresponding to ultra-warm light. The study demonstrates that dual-site doping effectively tunes the structural and optical features of cobalt ferrite, making it a promising material for orange-red light-emitting and photocatalytic applications.