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<p>Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hybrid composites reinforced with <i>Pycnandra acuminata</i> stem-derived NiO nanoparticles and lychee shell-derived biochar were developed to investigate their mechanical, dielectric, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. The study uniquely integrates biomass-derived magnetic and conductive fillers with silane (3-APTMS) surface modification to enhance interfacial compatibility. Composites with varying filler loadings were fabricated, and the influence of dispersion and interface engineering on structure–property relationships was systematically evaluated. Silane-treated composites exhibited significantly improved mechanical properties, with the PSB2 composition (1.5 vol.% NiO + 1.5 vol.% biochar) achieving a tensile strength of 127&#xa0;MPa, tear strength of 112&#xa0;MPa, and hardness of 84 Shore-D due to optimized filler distribution and stress transfer. Dielectric analysis showed increased permittivity and loss with filler content, reaching 4.87 and 0.72, respectively, for PSB3, attributed to enhanced interfacial polarization and synergistic interaction between NiO and biochar. EMI shielding effectiveness improved markedly with filler loading, with PSB3 attaining 31.78&#xa0;dB, dominated by absorption mechanisms. The results demonstrate that controlled filler synergy and interfacial modification are key to achieving high-performance, sustainable polymer composites for EMI shielding applications.</p>

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Electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of PVA-based hybrid Composites embedded with Pycnandra acuminata-derived NiO nanoparticles and lychee shell biochar for electronic applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • S. Vinurajkumar,
  • S. Sathish,
  • Y. Jini Jacob,
  • K. Nithyakalyani

摘要

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based hybrid composites reinforced with Pycnandra acuminata stem-derived NiO nanoparticles and lychee shell-derived biochar were developed to investigate their mechanical, dielectric, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance. The study uniquely integrates biomass-derived magnetic and conductive fillers with silane (3-APTMS) surface modification to enhance interfacial compatibility. Composites with varying filler loadings were fabricated, and the influence of dispersion and interface engineering on structure–property relationships was systematically evaluated. Silane-treated composites exhibited significantly improved mechanical properties, with the PSB2 composition (1.5 vol.% NiO + 1.5 vol.% biochar) achieving a tensile strength of 127 MPa, tear strength of 112 MPa, and hardness of 84 Shore-D due to optimized filler distribution and stress transfer. Dielectric analysis showed increased permittivity and loss with filler content, reaching 4.87 and 0.72, respectively, for PSB3, attributed to enhanced interfacial polarization and synergistic interaction between NiO and biochar. EMI shielding effectiveness improved markedly with filler loading, with PSB3 attaining 31.78 dB, dominated by absorption mechanisms. The results demonstrate that controlled filler synergy and interfacial modification are key to achieving high-performance, sustainable polymer composites for EMI shielding applications.