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<p>The polycrystalline samples (Ni<sub>1-x</sub>La<sub>x</sub>FeO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.5</sub>–(BaTiO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.5</sub>, with <i>x</i> = (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25), were synthesized using solid-state reaction techniques. The formation of materials is confirmed at room temperature by structural investigation using X-ray diffraction. The XRD patterns were found to match with JCPDS card nos. 01-075-0449 and 01-074-1963. Rietveld analysis was conducted for the samples, which confirmed their cubic structures with the <i>Pm3m</i> space groups<i>.</i> The identification of molecular bonding was done using FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The produced spinel ferrites have a number of unusual geometries, such as cubic, spherical, and polygonal, according to the FESEM micrograph, which indicates the creation of a remarkably dense sample having 0.48–0.67&#xa0;<i>µ</i>m grain sizes on average. HRTEM accounts for deeper microstructural information. The electrical impedance and dielectric characteristics were examined in the frequencies ranging from 1&#xa0;kHz to 1&#xa0;MHz and temperatures between 25&#xa0;°C and 500&#xa0;°C. The proposed samples adherence to Jonscher’s universal power law is demonstrated by the AC conductivity’s frequency dependence, which also indicates that the conductivity of the materials increases along with the increase in temperature and frequency. This reveals a high correlation between the microstructural characteristics and the impedance parameters. The electric impedance of the materials exhibits both the non-Debye kind of relaxation and the frequency-temperature dependency. The soft magnetic nature of the materials exhibiting ferromagnetic behavior is evident from the magnetic hysteresis curve at room temperature.</p>

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Structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of lanthanum-doped NFO–BTO ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月4日

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  • Sobha Poonam Ekka,
  • Dinesh Kumar Pati,
  • B. N. Parida,
  • R. Padhee

摘要

The polycrystalline samples (Ni1-xLaxFeO3)0.5–(BaTiO3)0.5, with x = (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25), were synthesized using solid-state reaction techniques. The formation of materials is confirmed at room temperature by structural investigation using X-ray diffraction. The XRD patterns were found to match with JCPDS card nos. 01-075-0449 and 01-074-1963. Rietveld analysis was conducted for the samples, which confirmed their cubic structures with the Pm3m space groups. The identification of molecular bonding was done using FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The produced spinel ferrites have a number of unusual geometries, such as cubic, spherical, and polygonal, according to the FESEM micrograph, which indicates the creation of a remarkably dense sample having 0.48–0.67 µm grain sizes on average. HRTEM accounts for deeper microstructural information. The electrical impedance and dielectric characteristics were examined in the frequencies ranging from 1 kHz to 1 MHz and temperatures between 25 °C and 500 °C. The proposed samples adherence to Jonscher’s universal power law is demonstrated by the AC conductivity’s frequency dependence, which also indicates that the conductivity of the materials increases along with the increase in temperature and frequency. This reveals a high correlation between the microstructural characteristics and the impedance parameters. The electric impedance of the materials exhibits both the non-Debye kind of relaxation and the frequency-temperature dependency. The soft magnetic nature of the materials exhibiting ferromagnetic behavior is evident from the magnetic hysteresis curve at room temperature.