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<p>MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel oxide was successfully synthesized via an eco-friendly green synthesis route utilizing tamarind fruit extract as a natural chelating agent, and its physicochemical and electrochemical properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the phase purity of the synthesized spinel with an average crystallite size of 18&#xa0;nm estimated using the Debye–Scherrer equation. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed a total weight loss of approximately 6.3% over the temperature range of 25–1000&#xa0;°C, reflecting the decomposition of organic residues and precursor phases. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a rough surface texture composed of irregularly shaped nanoclusters, while transmission electron microscopy confirmed nanosized particles in the range of 20–35&#xa0;nm, consistent with the crystallite size obtained from X-ray diffraction. Selected area electron diffraction patterns displayed sharp concentric rings, further confirming the polycrystalline spinel structure and phase purity of the synthesized material. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis confirmed a high specific surface area of 313.2 m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>, which is beneficial for electrolyte penetration and ion transport. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 3&#xa0;M KOH aqueous electrolyte yielded a low charge transfer resistance of approximately 3 Ω, indicative of favorable charge transfer kinetics. Cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed a maximum specific capacitance of 404 F g⁻<sup>1</sup> (vs. Ag/AgCl), demonstrating the potential of green-synthesized MnCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.</p>

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Assessment of supercapacitor behavior of spinel-structured MnCo2O4 synthesized using ecologically sound tamarind extract

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月29日

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  • P. Adlin Helen,
  • Karunya,
  • D. Senthil Kumaran

摘要

MnCo2O4 spinel oxide was successfully synthesized via an eco-friendly green synthesis route utilizing tamarind fruit extract as a natural chelating agent, and its physicochemical and electrochemical properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the phase purity of the synthesized spinel with an average crystallite size of 18 nm estimated using the Debye–Scherrer equation. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed a total weight loss of approximately 6.3% over the temperature range of 25–1000 °C, reflecting the decomposition of organic residues and precursor phases. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a rough surface texture composed of irregularly shaped nanoclusters, while transmission electron microscopy confirmed nanosized particles in the range of 20–35 nm, consistent with the crystallite size obtained from X-ray diffraction. Selected area electron diffraction patterns displayed sharp concentric rings, further confirming the polycrystalline spinel structure and phase purity of the synthesized material. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis confirmed a high specific surface area of 313.2 m2 g⁻1, which is beneficial for electrolyte penetration and ion transport. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 3 M KOH aqueous electrolyte yielded a low charge transfer resistance of approximately 3 Ω, indicative of favorable charge transfer kinetics. Cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed a maximum specific capacitance of 404 F g⁻1 (vs. Ag/AgCl), demonstrating the potential of green-synthesized MnCo2O4 as a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications.