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<p>With the widespread adoption of electronic devices, electromagnetic interference and pollution have become increasingly severe, making the development of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA) materials critically important. In this study, a FeNi<sub>3</sub>/CNTs@SiO<sub>2</sub> composite material with hierarchical core–shell and 3D network structures was designed and successfully prepared. By simply adjusting the tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) content, precise control over the thickness of the SiO₂ shell was achieved. The results indicate that an appropriate SiO<sub>2</sub> coating not only effectively protects the FeNi<sub>3</sub> alloy core from oxidation but also significantly optimizes impedance matching and introduces abundant heterogeneous interface polarization. Under the synergistic effect of multiple loss mechanisms, the composite exhibits outstanding microwave absorption performance: sample FNCS1 reaches a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of − 54.37&#xa0;dB (1.7mm,15.6GHz), while sample FNCS2 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL ≤  − 10&#xa0;dB) of up to 7.12&#xa0;GHz at a thickness of 2.2&#xa0;mm. This work not only provides a novel&#xa0;EMWA material&#xa0;with remarkable performance, but also, through the controllable design of “composition–structure–performance,” offers a clear pathway and an effective strategy for the development of next-generation high-performance electromagnetic protection materials.</p>

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Hierarchical core–shell and 3D network FeNi₃/CNTs@SiO₂ composite with efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月1日

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  • Liang Xiao,
  • Wenjing Tang,
  • Jianhong Zhou,
  • Zhijie Zhang,
  • Mingfeng Zhong,
  • Pingan Liu

摘要

With the widespread adoption of electronic devices, electromagnetic interference and pollution have become increasingly severe, making the development of high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA) materials critically important. In this study, a FeNi3/CNTs@SiO2 composite material with hierarchical core–shell and 3D network structures was designed and successfully prepared. By simply adjusting the tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) content, precise control over the thickness of the SiO₂ shell was achieved. The results indicate that an appropriate SiO2 coating not only effectively protects the FeNi3 alloy core from oxidation but also significantly optimizes impedance matching and introduces abundant heterogeneous interface polarization. Under the synergistic effect of multiple loss mechanisms, the composite exhibits outstanding microwave absorption performance: sample FNCS1 reaches a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of − 54.37 dB (1.7mm,15.6GHz), while sample FNCS2 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL ≤  − 10 dB) of up to 7.12 GHz at a thickness of 2.2 mm. This work not only provides a novel EMWA material with remarkable performance, but also, through the controllable design of “composition–structure–performance,” offers a clear pathway and an effective strategy for the development of next-generation high-performance electromagnetic protection materials.