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<p>The utilization of solar energy for generating electricity using the photovoltaic technique has experienced a significant global expansion during the past two decades. Using antireflective coatings is a critical component that improves the productivity of solar panels by reducing reflection losses. The main objective of this investigation is to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by applying tin oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) as an antireflection coating on polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The SnO<sub>2</sub> coating on the Si solar cell was applied by electro-spraying technique. A variable deposition time was applied to four distinct samples, i.e., 45 (M1), 90 (M2), 135 (M3), and 180 (M4) minutes. The morphological, optical, electrical, and temperature characteristics of SnO<sub>2</sub>-deposited solar cells were investigated. A maximum transmittance of 94% and an absorbance of 93% were observed in sample M3-coated solar cell. The sample M3 attained the highest PCE of 18.9% at open sunlight and 22.1% at controlled neodymium setup. Also, sample M3 achieves minimum cell temperature of 44.3&#xa0;°C at closed-source environment and 36.1&#xa0;°C at open-source environment. The application of a SnO<sub>2</sub> layer in photovoltaic cells greatly improves their performance by minimizing reflection losses and enhancing sunlight absorbance.</p>

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Enhancing polycrystalline silicon solar cell efficiency with tin oxide antireflective coatings: a morphological, optical, electrical, and thermal study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • D. Raga Sudha,
  • M. R. Kamesh,
  • Anu Tonk,
  • K. Chandrasekaran,
  • Rajesh Mudunuri,
  • S. Karthikeyan,
  • Barun Haldar,
  • S. Swathi,
  • S. Kalaiarasan

摘要

The utilization of solar energy for generating electricity using the photovoltaic technique has experienced a significant global expansion during the past two decades. Using antireflective coatings is a critical component that improves the productivity of solar panels by reducing reflection losses. The main objective of this investigation is to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) by applying tin oxide (SnO2) as an antireflection coating on polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The SnO2 coating on the Si solar cell was applied by electro-spraying technique. A variable deposition time was applied to four distinct samples, i.e., 45 (M1), 90 (M2), 135 (M3), and 180 (M4) minutes. The morphological, optical, electrical, and temperature characteristics of SnO2-deposited solar cells were investigated. A maximum transmittance of 94% and an absorbance of 93% were observed in sample M3-coated solar cell. The sample M3 attained the highest PCE of 18.9% at open sunlight and 22.1% at controlled neodymium setup. Also, sample M3 achieves minimum cell temperature of 44.3 °C at closed-source environment and 36.1 °C at open-source environment. The application of a SnO2 layer in photovoltaic cells greatly improves their performance by minimizing reflection losses and enhancing sunlight absorbance.