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<p>The development of environment-friendly, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics is a significant challenge in advanced functional materials. In this work, (1–ϕ) [Li₀.₀₆(K₀.₅Na₀.₅)₀.₉₄NbO₃]–ϕSrBi₂Nb₂O₉ [(1–ϕ)KLNN–ϕSBN] ceramics (ϕ = 0 and 0.5&#xa0;mol%) were synthesized via solid-state reaction. Structural analysis confirmed an orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition due to SBN incorporation in KLNN. Microstructure evolved from uniform to cubical-platelet grains (~ 0.3–0.4&#xa0;μm) with increased porosity. The dielectric measurements confirm enhanced phase stability, with the orthorhombic-tetragonal transition temperature shifting from 230 to 330&#xa0;°C, alongside retention of elevated Curie temperatures (Tc &gt; 550&#xa0;°C). The KLNN-SBN (0.5&#xa0;mol %) composition exhibited optimal dielectric performance (ε<sub>r</sub> ≈ 352, tan δ ~ 0.09 at 50&#xa0;kHz) at room temperature. AC conductivity followed Johnson’s power law with a small-polaron tunneling conduction mechanism, while impedance spectroscopy confirmed non-Debye relaxation. This study also demonstrates that the KLNS5 sample achieves a significantly higher remanent polarization of 2.24 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> compared to 1.38 μC/cm<sup>2</sup> in KLN, indicating enhanced ferroelectric properties resulting from compositional modification.</p>

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Enhancement of dielectric and ferroelectric properties in (1–ϕ)KLNN–ϕSBN lead-free solid solutions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Archana Indurkar,
  • Oroosa Subohi

摘要

The development of environment-friendly, lead-free piezoelectric ceramics is a significant challenge in advanced functional materials. In this work, (1–ϕ) [Li₀.₀₆(K₀.₅Na₀.₅)₀.₉₄NbO₃]–ϕSrBi₂Nb₂O₉ [(1–ϕ)KLNN–ϕSBN] ceramics (ϕ = 0 and 0.5 mol%) were synthesized via solid-state reaction. Structural analysis confirmed an orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition due to SBN incorporation in KLNN. Microstructure evolved from uniform to cubical-platelet grains (~ 0.3–0.4 μm) with increased porosity. The dielectric measurements confirm enhanced phase stability, with the orthorhombic-tetragonal transition temperature shifting from 230 to 330 °C, alongside retention of elevated Curie temperatures (Tc > 550 °C). The KLNN-SBN (0.5 mol %) composition exhibited optimal dielectric performance (εr ≈ 352, tan δ ~ 0.09 at 50 kHz) at room temperature. AC conductivity followed Johnson’s power law with a small-polaron tunneling conduction mechanism, while impedance spectroscopy confirmed non-Debye relaxation. This study also demonstrates that the KLNS5 sample achieves a significantly higher remanent polarization of 2.24 μC/cm2 compared to 1.38 μC/cm2 in KLN, indicating enhanced ferroelectric properties resulting from compositional modification.