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<p>Biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) is extensively utilized as a dielectric for energy storage in film capacitors, owing to its exceptional insulation properties and remarkably low dielectric loss. However, as electrical equipment becomes more compact and has a higher capacity, the reliability of film capacitors is severely challenged under extreme operating conditions, such as high temperatures and high electric fields. It has been demonstrated that there is a marked increase in the conductive loss of BOPP film under conditions of elevated temperature and electrical field strength. Additionally, its low dielectric constant (ε<sub>r</sub>) results in a significant decrease in energy storage performance at high temperatures. This study successfully prepared acrylic acid-doped modified polypropylene composite films via melt extrusion. The introduction of acrylic acid results in the formation of deep-level traps within the dielectric film, thereby effectively suppressing charge carrier migration at elevated temperatures and significantly reducing conductive losses. The experimental results demonstrate that, under harsh operating conditions at 125 ℃, the breakdown electric field strength of the modified film increased from 430.1 MV/m to 503.3 MV/m. At the same time, it achieved a discharge energy density of 2.26&#xa0;J/cm<sup>3</sup> with a charge–discharge efficiency of 93.64%, demonstrating excellent cycle stability. This study provides a feasible pathway for the functionalization and large-scale production of polypropylene-based dielectric materials. Furthermore, it validates the application prospects of polypropylene film capacitors under harsh operating conditions.</p>

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Achieving superior energy storage properties in polypropylene dielectric films through loading organic small molecules

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Lin Li,
  • Guoheng Liu,
  • Hai Sun,
  • Hongda Yang,
  • Jian Zhang,
  • Hao Yu,
  • Zhaoliang Xing,
  • Tiandong Zhang,
  • Qingguo Chi

摘要

Biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) is extensively utilized as a dielectric for energy storage in film capacitors, owing to its exceptional insulation properties and remarkably low dielectric loss. However, as electrical equipment becomes more compact and has a higher capacity, the reliability of film capacitors is severely challenged under extreme operating conditions, such as high temperatures and high electric fields. It has been demonstrated that there is a marked increase in the conductive loss of BOPP film under conditions of elevated temperature and electrical field strength. Additionally, its low dielectric constant (εr) results in a significant decrease in energy storage performance at high temperatures. This study successfully prepared acrylic acid-doped modified polypropylene composite films via melt extrusion. The introduction of acrylic acid results in the formation of deep-level traps within the dielectric film, thereby effectively suppressing charge carrier migration at elevated temperatures and significantly reducing conductive losses. The experimental results demonstrate that, under harsh operating conditions at 125 ℃, the breakdown electric field strength of the modified film increased from 430.1 MV/m to 503.3 MV/m. At the same time, it achieved a discharge energy density of 2.26 J/cm3 with a charge–discharge efficiency of 93.64%, demonstrating excellent cycle stability. This study provides a feasible pathway for the functionalization and large-scale production of polypropylene-based dielectric materials. Furthermore, it validates the application prospects of polypropylene film capacitors under harsh operating conditions.