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<p>The development of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors with high sensitivity, exceptional selectivity, and ultralow detection limits remains a critical challenge for H<sub>2</sub>S detection. Herein, a novel p–n heterostructure composed of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles-decorated WO<sub>3</sub> nanopolyhedra (Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs/WO<sub>3</sub> NPHs) has been developed via a facile hydrothermal method. This unique architecture achieves synergistic enhancement of H<sub>2</sub>S sensing performance through dual mechanisms, including modulation of the electron depletion layer by p–n heterojunctions between p-type Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and n-type WO<sub>3</sub>, and in situ reversible formation of conductive WS<sub>2</sub> intermediates during gas sensing. The optimized sensor demonstrates remarkable H<sub>2</sub>S sensing performance, including an ultrahigh response (Rₐ/R<sub>g</sub> = 122 @ 100 ppm at 200 °C), an ultralow detection limit (100 ppb), excellent selectivity against interfering gases, rapid response/recovery kinetics (18 s/102 s@50 ppm H<sub>2</sub>S), and remarkable long-term stability (&gt; 30 days with 95% response retention). Systematic characterizations via Raman spectroscopy, Mott–Schottky analysis, and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy confirm the heterostructure formation and dual sensing mechanism. This study not only provides a high-performance H<sub>2</sub>S sensor for industrial applications (e.g., natural gas processing and wastewater treatment) but also offers a versatile materials design strategy for constructing advanced hetero-structured sensors with balanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.</p>

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WO3 nanopolyhedra decorating Co3O4 nanoparticles for highly selective and sensitive detection of hazardous H2S gas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月17日

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  • Jie Zhang,
  • Xinyue Wang,
  • Yankai Wang,
  • Qing Lu,
  • Meiling Sun,
  • Lingling Du,
  • Guangchao Yin

摘要

The development of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors with high sensitivity, exceptional selectivity, and ultralow detection limits remains a critical challenge for H2S detection. Herein, a novel p–n heterostructure composed of Co3O4 nanoparticles-decorated WO3 nanopolyhedra (Co3O4 NPs/WO3 NPHs) has been developed via a facile hydrothermal method. This unique architecture achieves synergistic enhancement of H2S sensing performance through dual mechanisms, including modulation of the electron depletion layer by p–n heterojunctions between p-type Co3O4 and n-type WO3, and in situ reversible formation of conductive WS2 intermediates during gas sensing. The optimized sensor demonstrates remarkable H2S sensing performance, including an ultrahigh response (Rₐ/Rg = 122 @ 100 ppm at 200 °C), an ultralow detection limit (100 ppb), excellent selectivity against interfering gases, rapid response/recovery kinetics (18 s/102 s@50 ppm H2S), and remarkable long-term stability (> 30 days with 95% response retention). Systematic characterizations via Raman spectroscopy, Mott–Schottky analysis, and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy confirm the heterostructure formation and dual sensing mechanism. This study not only provides a high-performance H2S sensor for industrial applications (e.g., natural gas processing and wastewater treatment) but also offers a versatile materials design strategy for constructing advanced hetero-structured sensors with balanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.