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<p>NiO-based ternary nanocomposite films have been coated on glass slides via chemical spray pyrolysis with optimized deposition conditions, achieved by changing the molar concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). The prepared films were investigated using XRD, TEM, FESEM, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. XRD analysis revealed that the nickel oxide (NiO) particles have a cubic structure, ZnO exhibits a hexagonal structure, and CuO has a monoclinic structure. The crystallite sizes of prepared samples were determined using Scherrer formula, ranging from 5 to 10&#xa0;nm. The Raman, FESEM, and TEM analyses were in agreement with the XRD results. The formation of the NiO–ZnO–CuO nanocomposites is also confirmed by XPS examination. A static liquid distribution technique was used to conduct gas-sensing investigations of benzene at room temperature. After being exposed to 5&#xa0;ppm of benzene at ambient conditions the 50 wt% NiO–30 wt% ZnO–20 wt% CuO ternary nanocomposite exhibited superior gas sensing capabilities among other sensor elements, with response and recovery durations of 20&#xa0;s and 30&#xa0;s, respectively, and demonstrated good stability. This demonstrates that high-quality, thin films of mixed metal oxides (NiO–ZnO–CuO) were successfully produced.</p>

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Thin film gas sensors based on NiO and NiO–ZnO–CuO mixed metal oxides for the detection of benzene under ambient conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月31日

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  • Sameena Begum,
  • Pothukanuri Nagaraju,
  • S. Sarika Yadav,
  • G. R. Turpu,
  • K. Gopikrishna

摘要

NiO-based ternary nanocomposite films have been coated on glass slides via chemical spray pyrolysis with optimized deposition conditions, achieved by changing the molar concentrations of zinc oxide (ZnO) and copper oxide (CuO). The prepared films were investigated using XRD, TEM, FESEM, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. XRD analysis revealed that the nickel oxide (NiO) particles have a cubic structure, ZnO exhibits a hexagonal structure, and CuO has a monoclinic structure. The crystallite sizes of prepared samples were determined using Scherrer formula, ranging from 5 to 10 nm. The Raman, FESEM, and TEM analyses were in agreement with the XRD results. The formation of the NiO–ZnO–CuO nanocomposites is also confirmed by XPS examination. A static liquid distribution technique was used to conduct gas-sensing investigations of benzene at room temperature. After being exposed to 5 ppm of benzene at ambient conditions the 50 wt% NiO–30 wt% ZnO–20 wt% CuO ternary nanocomposite exhibited superior gas sensing capabilities among other sensor elements, with response and recovery durations of 20 s and 30 s, respectively, and demonstrated good stability. This demonstrates that high-quality, thin films of mixed metal oxides (NiO–ZnO–CuO) were successfully produced.