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<p>This study explores the structural, optical, and dielectric properties of gelatin liquid (GL) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) composite films. The blend films were prepared by solvent casting with varying amounts of GL (in ml). The XRD analysis revealed that adding GL to the PVOH matrix reduces crystallinity, leading to a more amorphous structure. UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy showed that increasing the GL content increases absorbance and decreases transmittance. The optical band gap energy was also found to decrease from 5.12&#xa0;eV for the pure PVOH film to 4.73&#xa0;eV for the 10&#xa0;ml GL@PVOH sample due to the formation of new energy levels. Furthermore, both the extinction coefficient and the refractive index increased with the addition of GL. Analysis of the dielectric properties showed the static dielectric constant decreased from ~ 290 to ~ 200, while the high-frequency dielectric constant increased from ~ 1.31 to ~ 1.44 for the 10&#xa0;ml GL@PVOH blend. Impedance spectroscopy, analyzed using a series resistor-constant phase element (R-CPE) equivalent circuit, indicated that the electrical conductivity of the films improves significantly with increasing GL content. Specifically, the 10&#xa0;ml GL@PVOH sample exhibited the lowest impedance and highest electrical conductivity of 14.8 × 10<sup>−8</sup> S/cm. This is attributed to the plasticizing effect of the amount of GL (in ml), which enhances polymer chain mobility and facilitates ion transport. The findings demonstrate that the properties of GL@PVOH films can be tuned by controlling the amount of GL (in ml), making them potential candidates for various functional material applications.</p>

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Gelatin liquid-doped poly(vinyl alcohol) composites: tailoring the band gap and impedance for flexible device applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • W. Jilani,
  • Abdelfatteh Bouzidi,
  • Ibrahim S. Yahia,
  • M. Al-Dossari

摘要

This study explores the structural, optical, and dielectric properties of gelatin liquid (GL) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) composite films. The blend films were prepared by solvent casting with varying amounts of GL (in ml). The XRD analysis revealed that adding GL to the PVOH matrix reduces crystallinity, leading to a more amorphous structure. UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy showed that increasing the GL content increases absorbance and decreases transmittance. The optical band gap energy was also found to decrease from 5.12 eV for the pure PVOH film to 4.73 eV for the 10 ml GL@PVOH sample due to the formation of new energy levels. Furthermore, both the extinction coefficient and the refractive index increased with the addition of GL. Analysis of the dielectric properties showed the static dielectric constant decreased from ~ 290 to ~ 200, while the high-frequency dielectric constant increased from ~ 1.31 to ~ 1.44 for the 10 ml GL@PVOH blend. Impedance spectroscopy, analyzed using a series resistor-constant phase element (R-CPE) equivalent circuit, indicated that the electrical conductivity of the films improves significantly with increasing GL content. Specifically, the 10 ml GL@PVOH sample exhibited the lowest impedance and highest electrical conductivity of 14.8 × 10−8 S/cm. This is attributed to the plasticizing effect of the amount of GL (in ml), which enhances polymer chain mobility and facilitates ion transport. The findings demonstrate that the properties of GL@PVOH films can be tuned by controlling the amount of GL (in ml), making them potential candidates for various functional material applications.