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<p>Controlling synthesis parameters is vital for tailoring the multifunctional properties of magnetoelectric (ME) composites. In this work, we investigate the influence of pH on the structural, morphological, magnetic, and dielectric properties of NiFe₂O₄–BaTiO₃ (NFO–BTO) nanocomposites. Nickel ferrite (NFO) was synthesized via hydrothermal processing at pH values of 6, 8, 10, and 12, while BaTiO₃ (BTO) was prepared using a sonochemical route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of biphasic composite structures, with crystallite sizes ranging from 25 to 27&#xa0;nm and improved phase purity at higher pH. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) revealed pH-induced morphological variations, transitioning from agglomerated particles to more interconnected and uniform grains. Magnetic characterization using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) showed a significant increase in saturation magnetization (Ms) from 17.74&#xa0;emu/g at pH 8 to 41.31&#xa0;emu/g at pH 12, attributed to enhanced crystallinity and optimized cation distribution. Dielectric measurements revealed improved permittivity and lower dielectric loss at higher pH, linked to microstructural refinement and enhanced interfacial polarization. These results demonstrate that pH serves as a key tuning parameter for engineering the structural and functional behaviour of NFO–BTO composites, offering insights for the development of high-performance magnetoelectric materials.</p>

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pH-induced correlations in the structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of NiFe₂O₄–BaTiO₃ magnetoelectric nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • A. D. Teli,
  • N. N. Kengar,
  • J. P. Rajput,
  • G. A. Bhinge,
  • C. M. Kanamadi

摘要

Controlling synthesis parameters is vital for tailoring the multifunctional properties of magnetoelectric (ME) composites. In this work, we investigate the influence of pH on the structural, morphological, magnetic, and dielectric properties of NiFe₂O₄–BaTiO₃ (NFO–BTO) nanocomposites. Nickel ferrite (NFO) was synthesized via hydrothermal processing at pH values of 6, 8, 10, and 12, while BaTiO₃ (BTO) was prepared using a sonochemical route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of biphasic composite structures, with crystallite sizes ranging from 25 to 27 nm and improved phase purity at higher pH. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) revealed pH-induced morphological variations, transitioning from agglomerated particles to more interconnected and uniform grains. Magnetic characterization using vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) showed a significant increase in saturation magnetization (Ms) from 17.74 emu/g at pH 8 to 41.31 emu/g at pH 12, attributed to enhanced crystallinity and optimized cation distribution. Dielectric measurements revealed improved permittivity and lower dielectric loss at higher pH, linked to microstructural refinement and enhanced interfacial polarization. These results demonstrate that pH serves as a key tuning parameter for engineering the structural and functional behaviour of NFO–BTO composites, offering insights for the development of high-performance magnetoelectric materials.