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<p>Supercapacitors are emerging as promising candidates for sustainable and high-performance energy storage; however, their efficiency is strongly governed by the properties of electrode materials, particularly their conductivity, surface area, and electrochemical activity. In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized using a green and sustainable hydrothermal method, employing banana peels as a low-cost carbon precursor. The obtained CQDs were incorporated to enhance the electrochemical properties of MoS<sub>2</sub>-based binary and ternary composites, namely MoS<sub>2</sub>–BN, MoS<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>, and MoS<sub>2</sub>–BN–ZnO. These CQD-integrated composites were mixed with carbon black (CB) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and uniformly deposited onto nickel (Ni) foam substrates to fabricate high-performance supercapacitor electrodes: MoS<sub>2</sub>–BN@CQDs, MoS<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>@CQDs, and MoS₂–BN–ZnO@CQDs. Among them, the MoS<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>@CQDs electrode exhibited the most superior electrochemical performance in a three-electrode configuration, achieving a specific capacitance (C<sub>s</sub>) of 474 F/g, an energy density (E<sub>d</sub>) of 29.03 Wh/kg, and a power density (P<sub>d</sub>) of 62.99 W/kg at 0.1 A/g, along with outstanding cycling stability over 7500 charge–discharge cycles. These findings highlight the potential of CQD-engineered MoS<sub>2</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub>-based hybrids for next-generation high energy storage devices, paving the way for their integration into practical and scalable supercapacitor applications.</p>

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High-performance supercapacitors based on MoS2, TiO2, ZnO, and CQD nanocomposites: a comparative study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Moin Ali Siddiqui,
  • Shahzad Ahmed,
  • Arshiya Ansari,
  • Ruhi Siddiqui,
  • Devendra Singh Negi,
  • Pranay Ranjan

摘要

Supercapacitors are emerging as promising candidates for sustainable and high-performance energy storage; however, their efficiency is strongly governed by the properties of electrode materials, particularly their conductivity, surface area, and electrochemical activity. In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized using a green and sustainable hydrothermal method, employing banana peels as a low-cost carbon precursor. The obtained CQDs were incorporated to enhance the electrochemical properties of MoS2-based binary and ternary composites, namely MoS2–BN, MoS2–TiO2, and MoS2–BN–ZnO. These CQD-integrated composites were mixed with carbon black (CB) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and uniformly deposited onto nickel (Ni) foam substrates to fabricate high-performance supercapacitor electrodes: MoS2–BN@CQDs, MoS2–TiO2@CQDs, and MoS₂–BN–ZnO@CQDs. Among them, the MoS2–TiO2@CQDs electrode exhibited the most superior electrochemical performance in a three-electrode configuration, achieving a specific capacitance (Cs) of 474 F/g, an energy density (Ed) of 29.03 Wh/kg, and a power density (Pd) of 62.99 W/kg at 0.1 A/g, along with outstanding cycling stability over 7500 charge–discharge cycles. These findings highlight the potential of CQD-engineered MoS2 and TiO2-based hybrids for next-generation high energy storage devices, paving the way for their integration into practical and scalable supercapacitor applications.