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<p>The present study investigates the development and characterization of a novel epoxy composite reinforced with palm sprout fibers (PSF), bronze nanoparticles (BNPs), and biocarbon derived from biomass. The synergistic incorporation of these reinforcements aims to enhance the composite’s mechanical, dielectric, flammability, and electromagnetic shielding interference (EMI) effectiveness properties. The biocarbon is derived from orange peel biomass using a pyrolysis process, and the fabrication process is analyzed. The performance of the composite is analyzed as per ASTM standards. According to the results, EPB2, which is made up of 40 vol.% palm sprout fiber, 1.5 vol.% biocarbon, and 1.5 vol.% bronze nanoparticles, both of which have been silane-treated, has excellent mechanical and EMI shielding qualities. It can achieve tensile strengths of 143&#xa0;MPa, flexural strengths of 158&#xa0;MPa, and impact strengths of 4.8&#xa0;J. Its overall EMI shielding effectiveness ranges from 31.5&#xa0;dB at 8&#xa0;GHz to 68.25&#xa0;dB at 18&#xa0;GHz. However, because of its increased nanoparticle content, EPB3 exhibits better flammability and dielectric characteristics, obtaining the maximum dielectric permittivity of 4.95 and dielectric loss of 0.825, demonstrating its superior ability to store and discharge electrical energy. The development of a strong char layer and the thermal stability offered by the nanoparticles are responsible for EPB3's exceptional fire retardancy, which is further demonstrated by its lowest flame propagation speed of 6.12&#xa0;mm/min. These findings are further supported by the SEM study, which demonstrates that EPB2 has better filler–matrix adhesion, which adds to its improved qualities. This study highlights the possibility of combining nanoparticles and renewable bio-based materials to create multipurpose composites with improved mechanical, thermal, and electrical qualities. For use in the electronics, automotive, and aerospace sectors, these materials provide an affordable and environmentally friendly option.</p>

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Biomass extracted biocarbon and bronze nanoparticle-reinforced palm sprout fiber epoxy composite and their mechanical, dielectric, flammability, and shielding effectiveness behavior of composite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月5日

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  • Seeniappan Kaliappan,
  • Ammapalli Hema Sekhar,
  • L. Natrayan,
  • Kavitha Balamurugan,
  • M. Ramya,
  • Sathish Kannan,
  • Vinayagam Mohanavel,
  • Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar

摘要

The present study investigates the development and characterization of a novel epoxy composite reinforced with palm sprout fibers (PSF), bronze nanoparticles (BNPs), and biocarbon derived from biomass. The synergistic incorporation of these reinforcements aims to enhance the composite’s mechanical, dielectric, flammability, and electromagnetic shielding interference (EMI) effectiveness properties. The biocarbon is derived from orange peel biomass using a pyrolysis process, and the fabrication process is analyzed. The performance of the composite is analyzed as per ASTM standards. According to the results, EPB2, which is made up of 40 vol.% palm sprout fiber, 1.5 vol.% biocarbon, and 1.5 vol.% bronze nanoparticles, both of which have been silane-treated, has excellent mechanical and EMI shielding qualities. It can achieve tensile strengths of 143 MPa, flexural strengths of 158 MPa, and impact strengths of 4.8 J. Its overall EMI shielding effectiveness ranges from 31.5 dB at 8 GHz to 68.25 dB at 18 GHz. However, because of its increased nanoparticle content, EPB3 exhibits better flammability and dielectric characteristics, obtaining the maximum dielectric permittivity of 4.95 and dielectric loss of 0.825, demonstrating its superior ability to store and discharge electrical energy. The development of a strong char layer and the thermal stability offered by the nanoparticles are responsible for EPB3's exceptional fire retardancy, which is further demonstrated by its lowest flame propagation speed of 6.12 mm/min. These findings are further supported by the SEM study, which demonstrates that EPB2 has better filler–matrix adhesion, which adds to its improved qualities. This study highlights the possibility of combining nanoparticles and renewable bio-based materials to create multipurpose composites with improved mechanical, thermal, and electrical qualities. For use in the electronics, automotive, and aerospace sectors, these materials provide an affordable and environmentally friendly option.