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<p>This paper reports the synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) tubes doped with inorganic acid (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, and HCl, respectively) by employing electrospun nitrocellulose (NC) as a dissoluble template. The architectural features and morphological traits of these PANI composites were investigated by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. The PANI composites exhibit a tubular morphology with a mean internal diameter spanning 250 to 500&#xa0;nm, and the doped acid can exert a remarkable influence on the wall thickness and morphology. The gas sensitivity of PANI-HCl used as a sample was evaluated to various chemical vapors under ambient conditions. The results demonstrate that PANI composite tubes present higher gas sensitivity and faster response rate to ammonia than triethylamine and hydrazine, in addition to a lower ammonia detection limit to 10&#xa0;ppm, due to the high ability of the electron donor of ammonia. On top of that, the effects of different inorganic acid-doped PANI were investigated,which showed PANI-H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> tubes with a thin wall and smooth outer surface have excellent gas sensitivity in contrast to that of PANI-H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and PANI-HCl tubes. Therefore, the sensor performance is governed by a combination of factors in our work. PANI-H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> sensor provides a promising, simple, and efficient sensor system for ammonia detection at room temperature.</p>

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Synthesis of inorganic acid doped PANI tubes using NC template and gas sensing properties on chemical vapors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月2日

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  • Bo Xue,
  • Hong Yang,
  • Zhuo Zhang,
  • Junying Yang,
  • Xiao Huang,
  • Xitang Li

摘要

This paper reports the synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) tubes doped with inorganic acid (H3PO4, H2SO4, and HCl, respectively) by employing electrospun nitrocellulose (NC) as a dissoluble template. The architectural features and morphological traits of these PANI composites were investigated by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques. The PANI composites exhibit a tubular morphology with a mean internal diameter spanning 250 to 500 nm, and the doped acid can exert a remarkable influence on the wall thickness and morphology. The gas sensitivity of PANI-HCl used as a sample was evaluated to various chemical vapors under ambient conditions. The results demonstrate that PANI composite tubes present higher gas sensitivity and faster response rate to ammonia than triethylamine and hydrazine, in addition to a lower ammonia detection limit to 10 ppm, due to the high ability of the electron donor of ammonia. On top of that, the effects of different inorganic acid-doped PANI were investigated,which showed PANI-H3PO4 tubes with a thin wall and smooth outer surface have excellent gas sensitivity in contrast to that of PANI-H2SO4 and PANI-HCl tubes. Therefore, the sensor performance is governed by a combination of factors in our work. PANI-H3PO4 sensor provides a promising, simple, and efficient sensor system for ammonia detection at room temperature.