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<p>A comprehensive study investigated the structural, vibrational, temperature-dependent dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of La-doped Pb<sub>0.60-x</sub>La<sub>x</sub>Ba<sub>0.40</sub>Zr<sub>0.10</sub>Nb<sub>1.92</sub>O<sub>6</sub> (i.e., PLBZN60-La, with <i>x</i> = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06). The ceramics were prepared using the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), combined with Rietveld refinement, confirmed an orthorhombic crystal structure with space group Bb2₁m. Room temperature Raman spectroscopy identified characteristic vibrational modes of the tungsten bronze (TTB) structure, with peak shifts indicating La<sup>3+</sup>-induced structural distortions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed grain coalescence and growth as La content increased, supported by energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), confirming uniform elemental distribution. Ferroelectric measurements revealed a transition from strong antiferroelectric (AFE) to soft AFE/relaxor behavior with La doping, highlighting tunable polarization and current response. Temperature-dependent P–E hysteresis loops demonstrated improved energy storage performance, with the <i>x</i> = 0.06 sample reaching an efficiency of up to 98.18% at 31&#xa0;°C. The development of relaxor behavior in La-doped PLBZN60 ceramics was further supported by temperature and frequency-dependent dielectric studies. The AC-conductive study confirms that all the ceramics follow the universal Jonscher’s power law.</p>

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Investigation of La-doped Pb0.6-xLaxBa0.4Zr0.1Nb1.92O6 ceramics: structural, microstructural, Raman phonon, and energy density properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • P. Rosaiah,
  • Mooni Siva Prasad,
  • Fatimah Ali M. Al-Zahrani,
  • Nunna Guru Prakash,
  • Tae Jo Ko

摘要

A comprehensive study investigated the structural, vibrational, temperature-dependent dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of La-doped Pb0.60-xLaxBa0.40Zr0.10Nb1.92O6 (i.e., PLBZN60-La, with x = 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06). The ceramics were prepared using the solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), combined with Rietveld refinement, confirmed an orthorhombic crystal structure with space group Bb2₁m. Room temperature Raman spectroscopy identified characteristic vibrational modes of the tungsten bronze (TTB) structure, with peak shifts indicating La3+-induced structural distortions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed grain coalescence and growth as La content increased, supported by energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), confirming uniform elemental distribution. Ferroelectric measurements revealed a transition from strong antiferroelectric (AFE) to soft AFE/relaxor behavior with La doping, highlighting tunable polarization and current response. Temperature-dependent P–E hysteresis loops demonstrated improved energy storage performance, with the x = 0.06 sample reaching an efficiency of up to 98.18% at 31 °C. The development of relaxor behavior in La-doped PLBZN60 ceramics was further supported by temperature and frequency-dependent dielectric studies. The AC-conductive study confirms that all the ceramics follow the universal Jonscher’s power law.