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<p>Flexible pressure sensors have significant application value in the fields of human health monitoring and human–machine interaction. Traditional strategies to improve sensor sensitivity mostly rely on porous structure design, but such methods often come at the expense of sensing range. To address this contradiction, this study innovatively proposes an interfacial uniform locking and layered structure design strategy, aiming to simultaneously enhance the linear response range and operational stability of the sensor. The core of this strategy lies in the use of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) as the interfacial locking material. Due to its excellent material compatibility with the polyurethane (PU) sponge matrix, stable interfacial bonding is achieved. The sensing functional layer employs carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to construct an efficient conductive network. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the dual-layer porous structure, the prepared sensor exhibits tunable sensitivity characteristics over a wide pressure range (0–50 kPa), with a maximum sensitivity of 0.254 kPa<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15970_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="11" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(^{-1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in the 0–10.3 kPa range. In addition, the sensor shows a fast dynamic response (response time of approximately 51&#xa0;ms) and excellent fatigue stability (&gt;10,000 cycles). It demonstrates promising application prospects in scenarios such as facial expression recognition, joint motion monitoring, and pressure distribution imaging.</p>

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A wearable, sensitivity-tunable piezoresistive pressure sensor based on polyurethane sponge coated with a CNTs/TPU composite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Zeyu Wang,
  • Tao Xue,
  • Qiang Zou

摘要

Flexible pressure sensors have significant application value in the fields of human health monitoring and human–machine interaction. Traditional strategies to improve sensor sensitivity mostly rely on porous structure design, but such methods often come at the expense of sensing range. To address this contradiction, this study innovatively proposes an interfacial uniform locking and layered structure design strategy, aiming to simultaneously enhance the linear response range and operational stability of the sensor. The core of this strategy lies in the use of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) as the interfacial locking material. Due to its excellent material compatibility with the polyurethane (PU) sponge matrix, stable interfacial bonding is achieved. The sensing functional layer employs carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to construct an efficient conductive network. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the dual-layer porous structure, the prepared sensor exhibits tunable sensitivity characteristics over a wide pressure range (0–50 kPa), with a maximum sensitivity of 0.254 kPa \(^{-1}\) - 1 in the 0–10.3 kPa range. In addition, the sensor shows a fast dynamic response (response time of approximately 51 ms) and excellent fatigue stability (>10,000 cycles). It demonstrates promising application prospects in scenarios such as facial expression recognition, joint motion monitoring, and pressure distribution imaging.